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Bound electrons are the electrons locked in orbit of the atom which are held in orbit by its attraction to the positive charge of the proton(s) in the nucleus. Electrons have a negative charge. Conversely, the free electrons are electrons that are not orbiting the nucleus of an atom normally in the form of static electricity. Valence electrons are the electrons orbiting the outermost shell of the atom are weakly held by the positive proton charges and can be transferred to or shared with one or more other atoms. Valence electrons are bound until they are freed by some outside force or reaction.
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What is the difference between covalent bonds and metallic bonds?
In a covalent bond, the electrons can be defined by the atoms they are shared between; specific atoms are bound to specific others. In metallic bonding, the nuclei "float" in a sea of electrons. the electrons here are shared by the mass as a whole, with no nuclei being bound to any specific other nuclei and no electrons bound to any particular atoms.
Why does current generally involve the flow of electrons but not protons?
The protons are bound inside the nucleus and are not free. In conductors, the electrons are free to move.
What is the difference between electrons in a metallic or ionic bond?
In an ionic bond all of the electrons are localised to the ions, none are shared or free to move. In a metallic bond electrons are free and able to move about the lattice in the solid or the melt.
What statement best describes electrons?
Electron is an elementary particle, negative electrically charged, having a very small mass.
Why does a semiconductor have fewer free electron than a conductor?
Valence electrons only are able to cross the energy gap in semiconductors since it is greater than that of conductors. That is why semiconductors have fewer free electrons than conductors.
What is the difference between covalent bonds and metallic bonds?
In a covalent bond, the electrons can be defined by the atoms they are shared between; specific atoms are bound to specific others. In metallic bonding, the nuclei "float" in a sea of electrons. the electrons here are shared by the mass as a whole, with no nuclei being bound to any specific other nuclei and no electrons bound to any particular atoms.
What is the difference between electron in flow of current and electron in the atom?
When a current flows through a conductor, free electrons (electrons not bound to a single atom or molecule) move in one direction and we say that electricity flows in the other. In an atom, electrons orbit the nucleus in sometimes complex patterns, and are bound to the atom.
Why does current generally involve the flow of electrons but not protons?
The protons are bound inside the nucleus and are not free. In conductors, the electrons are free to move.
What is the difference between anoxic and anaerobic condition?
Anaerobic = total absence of free oxygen (O2) or bound oxygen (NO2, NO3) Anoxic = absence of free oxygen, but presence of bound oxygen.
Why does every metal conduct electricity?
Because they have free electrons. The electrons are not tightly bound to the nuclei of their atoms and are free to drift around the metal, carrying electric charge through it.
What is the difference between electrons in a metallic or ionic bond?
In an ionic bond all of the electrons are localised to the ions, none are shared or free to move. In a metallic bond electrons are free and able to move about the lattice in the solid or the melt.
What is the difference between fatty acids and free fatty acids?
Free fatty acids are those long chain acids (fatty acids) that are not conjugated or attached to anything else. That is, they are "free", and not bound. Fatty acids that are attached to, for example, glycerol, are not longer considered "free". They can also be bound to proteins, like albumin, again, making them not "free", because they are bound.
Are nonmetals solid nonmetals are brittle?
The difference in properties between metal and nonmetal solids (i.e. brittleness, malleability, conduction of both heat and electrical current) is due to availability or absence of free electrons. Contrarily to abundance of free electrons in metals, free electrons are much fewer in nonmetal objects. Electrons that are not bound to atoms are free to roam about, and that is what free electrons do (everywhere) in a piece of metal. These electrons would take impact energy and (practically instantly) distribute it throughout the piece, acting like a bumper in a car. It helps to remember that things are mostly empty space as that is how atoms are. Atomic properties explain also the difference in heat transfer: metals feel cold on a touch because free electrons immediately take energy from a tip of a finger and 'run away with it.' (We feel something is colder when we give out energy, instead of receiving it.) E.Silvermint
What is the difference between the resistance of conductor and insulator?
Conductors allow most, if not all, electricity to pass through it. This is due to "wandering electrons" that aren't tightly bound to the nucleus of the conductor itself.Resistors conduct some, but not all electricity to pass. It somewhat resists it, hence resistors.Insulators do not allow electricity to pass through it due to the electrons being so tightly bound to the nucleus.
Where are the electrons in plasma found?
Plasma contains a small proportion of free electrons, which are not bound to any atoms and instead flow freely in the plasma.
What is the difference between Free Electron Theory and Band Theory of solids?
Free Electron Theory:This theory tells that, metals conduct electricity because of the presence of free electrons in it. The outermost shells of metal atoms will be loosely bound with their nucleus. So the electrons in it are free to move anywhere in the solid.These electrons are called free electrons and they are responsible for the conduction of electricity.Band theory of solids:A solid is assumed to contain many bands in which the electrons in it are packed. The most important are valence band and conduction band. The energy of electrons in these bands will be different.The difference in energies of valence band and conduction band determines whether the solid is a conductor, semi - conductor or insulator.For insulators, the difference between energies of them ( energy gap ) will be very high, and for conductor, these bands overlap each other.The conduction band carries the electrons that conduct electricity, but the valence band has all the electrons in the ground state. Whether they go into the conduction band depends on the temperature and the energy gap between the bands. In a conductor, these bands overlap, and hence many electrons can become conducting. Thus, Band Theory explains distinction between metals and insulators, which Free Electron theory cannot do (since it assumes all valence electrons become conducting). Calculations are be performed to see which materials will have big energy gaps and which will have overlapping bands.
What is a conductor and a insulater?
A conductor is any material in which electrons are free to flow, whereas an insulator is any material in which the electrons are tightly bound to the molecules with which they are associated.
