The process of electron gain is called reduction. For example, if Br gains an electron, its oxidation number is reduced from 0 to -1, and will be written as Br-. The opposite of this (electron loss) would be called oxidation, or ionization.
The process of removing an electron from something is called either oxidation or ionization. Ionization is the process of converting an atom or molecule by changing the number of electrons. In certain chemical reactions, the oxidation state of an atom or molecule is changed, and this is known as oxidation. See more details in the Web Links to the left of this answer.
Gain of an electron is the process by which an atom or ion acquires an additional electron, resulting in a negative charge. This can occur in chemical reactions where atoms seek to achieve a more stable electron configuration, often by reaching a full valence shell.
The loss of an electron is called oxidation. Its opposite is reduction.The loss of an electron increases the charge by +1.
Nonmetals seek to gain electrons to achieve a full outer electron shell and attain stability through a full octet. This process allows nonmetals to achieve a more stable electron configuration by filling their outer electron shell and forming negative ions.
Electron affinity is the energy released when an atom gains an electron to form a negative ion, while electron gain enthalpy is the enthalpy change accompanying the addition of an electron to a gaseous atom. Electron affinity is a specific term used in the context of forming an ion, while electron gain enthalpy is a general term for the enthalpy change associated with gaining an electron.
reduction
The process of removing an electron from something is called either oxidation or ionization. Ionization is the process of converting an atom or molecule by changing the number of electrons. In certain chemical reactions, the oxidation state of an atom or molecule is changed, and this is known as oxidation. See more details in the Web Links to the left of this answer.
Gain of an electron is the process by which an atom or ion acquires an additional electron, resulting in a negative charge. This can occur in chemical reactions where atoms seek to achieve a more stable electron configuration, often by reaching a full valence shell.
The loss of an electron is called oxidation. Its opposite is reduction.The loss of an electron increases the charge by +1.
When an atom gains or looses a valence electron it becomes a charged particle called an ion
When you lose an electron, you become positively charged because you have more protons than electrons. When you gain an electron, you become negatively charged because you have more electrons than protons. This process is known as ionization.
Nonmetals seek to gain electrons to achieve a full outer electron shell and attain stability through a full octet. This process allows nonmetals to achieve a more stable electron configuration by filling their outer electron shell and forming negative ions.
Iodine gains electrons to form an anion (I-) through the process of reduction, as it has the ability to accept an electron to achieve a stable electron configuration.
Electron affinity is the energy released when an atom gains an electron to form a negative ion, while electron gain enthalpy is the enthalpy change accompanying the addition of an electron to a gaseous atom. Electron affinity is a specific term used in the context of forming an ion, while electron gain enthalpy is a general term for the enthalpy change associated with gaining an electron.
The process of removing an electron from a stable nucleus is called electron capture. In this process, an electron is absorbed by a proton in the nucleus, converting the proton into a neutron and releasing a neutrino. This results in a more stable arrangement of particles in the nucleus.
Inert gases are the most stable ones, so if we try to add another electron, the stable electronic configuration is disturbed. So, we have supply energy for this process. Hence, electron gain enthalpy is positive.
Ions that are formed when metals gain electrons are called anions. This process allows metals to achieve a stable electron configuration by filling their outermost energy level, similar to noble gases.