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Because carbon atoms have 4 electrons in their outer ring and 8 electrons are needed to fill the ring, and give stability, they usually form bonds by sharing electrons with other atoms, called a covalent bond as opposed to an ionic bond where electrons are given by one atom and taken by the other creating an ionic compound capable of forming electric charges in water. Carbon can share one, two or three electrons with another carbon atom which does likewise, thus forming single, double or triple bonds between the carbon atoms. Then each carbon must find other atoms to share it's remaining unpaired electrons. The result of this covalent bonding is the formation of a molecule. For instance, CH4 is the formula for the compound in which one carbon atom shares each of its unpaired outer ring electrons with 4 hydrogen atoms forming methane; likewise C2H6 is ethane where each carbon also shares a pair of electrons with each other.

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11y ago

They are part of organic chemistry, which deals with roughly half of all the compounds known.

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Q: What kind of chemical bonds are present in substances made of carbon atoms linked together?
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