Those molecules are polar.
Molecules that have charged ends are polar. The poles are only slightly charged, so they do not have the strength of ions, so they do not form chemical bonds with one another, however they do form weak attractions with one another. Water is the classic example of a polar molecule. The oxygen atom is larger and more electronegative than the hydrogen atoms. So the oxygen end of a water molecule has a slight negative charge and the hydrogen end has a slight positive charge. The oxygen atom of one water molecule will form a weak attraction with a hydrogen atom of another water molecule. This type of attraction is called a hydrogen bond.
Ammonia is a highly polar molecule. The nitrogen atom in it has a partial negative charge while the hydrogen atoms have a partial positive charge. The oppositely charged ends of two ammonia atoms attract one another.
Such a molecule is said to have an electric dipole.
A molecule with opposite charges on opposite ends is called a polar molecule. This occurs when there is an unequal distribution of electrons, leading to regions of positive and negative charge. Water (H2O) is a common example of a polar molecule with oxygen carrying a partial negative charge and hydrogen carrying a partial positive charge.
HCN is a linear molecule and as nitrogen is the most electronegative atom a small negative charge builds on the nitrogen atom and a small positive charge on the hydrogen. This forms a dipole (dipole means two oppositely charged ends). The intermolecular forces between HCN molecules are electrostatic and are caused by the dipole on one molecule interacting with one on another molecule. This is called dipole -dipole interaction.
Molecules that do not have oppositely charged ends are nonpolar molecules.
A nonpolar molecule is a molecule that shares electrons equally and does not have oppositely charged ends.
A nonpolar molecule is a molecule that shares electrons equally and does not have oppositely charged ends.
A nonpolar molecule is a molecule that shares electrons equally and does not have oppositely charged ends.
Nonpolar molecule is one which electrons are shared equally in bonds. Such a molecule does not have oppositely charged ends. This is true of molecules made from two identical atoms or molecules that are symmetric, such as CCl4.
Molecules that do not have oppositely charged ends are nonpolar molecules.
Polar molecule
A molecule whose ends have opposite electric charges is called a polar molecule.
The ends of the water molecule have opposite electrical charges
A weak bond between oppositely charged ends of two different molecules is known as an ion-dipole interaction or a dipole-dipole interaction, depending on the specific context. In ion-dipole interactions, an ion (either positive or negative) attracts the partial charges of a polar molecule, while dipole-dipole interactions occur between two polar molecules that have permanent dipoles. These interactions are generally weaker than covalent or ionic bonds but play a crucial role in the behavior of molecules in solutions and biological systems.
The polar nature of water molecules allows for the dissolution of NaHCO3. Water molecules are able to surround and separate the individual Na+ and HCO3- ions, facilitating their dispersal throughout the solution. This process is driven by the attraction between the polar water molecules and the charged ions in NaHCO3.
Polarpolar