Usually sodium hydroxide is used, as it is the cheapest and most commonly available base you will find in chemistry labs.
The primary standard commonly used to titrate against potassium hydroxide is potassium hydrogen phthalate (KHP). It is a stable compound with a well-defined molar mass, making it suitable for accurately determining the concentration of a solution of potassium hydroxide.
Dissolve approximately 0.25g of Borax in distilled water. Titrate against hydrochloric acid using methyl orange indicator. At end-point, solution should be almost colourless against a white background.
To standardize 0.02 N NaOH, you would titrate it against a known concentration of an acid, such as a primary standard like potassium hydrogen phthalate. By carefully adding the NaOH to the acid until the endpoint is reached, you can determine the exact concentration of the NaOH solution.
To standardize 1N HCl (hydrochloric acid), you would typically use a primary standard base, such as sodium hydroxide (NaOH), of known concentration to titrate the HCl solution. By carefully titrating the HCl with the NaOH, you can determine the exact concentration of the HCl solution. This information can then be used to adjust the concentration of the HCl solution as needed to make it accurately 1N.
Because NaOH is hygroscopic, meaning it absorbs water from the air, NaOH cannot be accurately weighed. To standardize 0.1 M NaOH, a solution is made to an approximate concentration of 0.1 M and then standardized by titrating an accurately weighed quantity of a primary standard.
The primary standard commonly used to titrate against potassium hydroxide is potassium hydrogen phthalate (KHP). It is a stable compound with a well-defined molar mass, making it suitable for accurately determining the concentration of a solution of potassium hydroxide.
Titrate it with a primary standard
Dissolve approximately 0.25g of Borax in distilled water. Titrate against hydrochloric acid using methyl orange indicator. At end-point, solution should be almost colourless against a white background.
Titrate it with a standard base.
My Shaft
To standardize 0.02 N NaOH, you would titrate it against a known concentration of an acid, such as a primary standard like potassium hydrogen phthalate. By carefully adding the NaOH to the acid until the endpoint is reached, you can determine the exact concentration of the NaOH solution.
To standardize 1N HCl (hydrochloric acid), you would typically use a primary standard base, such as sodium hydroxide (NaOH), of known concentration to titrate the HCl solution. By carefully titrating the HCl with the NaOH, you can determine the exact concentration of the HCl solution. This information can then be used to adjust the concentration of the HCl solution as needed to make it accurately 1N.
Because NaOH is hygroscopic, meaning it absorbs water from the air, NaOH cannot be accurately weighed. To standardize 0.1 M NaOH, a solution is made to an approximate concentration of 0.1 M and then standardized by titrating an accurately weighed quantity of a primary standard.
A chemical reaction must exist between the titrant an the ion to be analyzed.
To standardize an HCl solution with a primary standard Na2CO3 solution, first, prepare a Na2CO3 solution of known concentration. Then, titrate the Na2CO3 solution with the HCl solution using a suitable indicator until the equivalence point is reached. From the volume of HCl solution used and the known concentration of Na2CO3, you can calculate the exact concentration of the HCl solution.
If you have a standard solution of an acid, like hydrochloric or sulfuric, you can perform a titration in the presence of phenolphtalein or methyl orange and calculate the solution's normality or, you can weigh a sample of a strong solid acid ( orthoiperiodic acid or even oxalic acid), titrate the acid with the hydroxide solution, again in the presence of phenolphtalein or methyl orange and calculate the concentration of NaOH. If you want to have a solution with an exact concentration, let's say 1 molar, and the actual concentration is 1,33 molar, you simply calculate how much water you need to ad in a specific quantity of solution, to dilute it to exactly 1 molar.
To standardize 1N HCl (hydrochloric acid), you would typically titrate it against a known concentration of a base, such as sodium hydroxide (NaOH), using a color indicator to determine the endpoint of the reaction. The volume of the base required to neutralize the acid is used to calculate the exact concentration of the HCl solution. This process ensures that the concentration of the acid is accurately determined before use in further chemical reactions.