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What would happen for boron to have a full octet?
Boron has 3 valence electrons, which allows it to covalently bond to three other atoms. Each of the 3 covalent bonds has a pair of valence electrons, which means boron is sharing a total of six valence electrons in a compound. Boron still prefers an octet. Therefore, Boron can share a fourth bond which means boron will share 8 valence electrons, a full octet. But in this case, boron will have a formal charge: 3 valence - 4 bonds = -1 charge. The structure with 4 covalent bonds is similar to carbon (think CH4), but because boron has one less proton than carbon, boron carries a negative formal charge when boron fills its octet by covalently bondingto 4 atoms.An example of this would be the acid-base reaction:BF3 + diethyl ether (C2H5)2OThe oxygen will use one of its lone pair of electrons to form a covalent bond with boron.This means boron has a minus one formal charge and has 3 bonds (with 3 fluorines)and one bond to oxygen. The oxygen now is sharing one of its lone pairs in a covalentbond, so the oxygen has a plus one formal charge now: 6-3-2=+1.
What ion would a calcium atom turn into if it was obeying the octet rule?
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Which answer helps to explain why carbon atoms tend to make 4 covalent bonds?
Carbon has 4 electrons in its outer shell, allowing it to form 4 covalent bonds by sharing electrons with other atoms. This stable configuration of 8 electrons fulfills the octet rule, making carbon atoms more stable when they form 4 bonds.
How many electrons does nitrogen gain to form and ion?
Nitrogen can gain three electrons to form an ion with a charge of -3. This would give nitrogen a stable octet of electrons in its outer shell, following the octet rule.
What is the overall charge of a carbon atom and three oxygen atoms?
The overall charge of a carbon atom and three oxygen atoms would be -2. This is because carbon has an oxidation state of +4 and each oxygen atom has an oxidation state of -2, resulting in a total charge of -2 for the entire molecule.
What would the charge of the stable ion of sulfur be?
The stable ion of sulfur typically has a charge of -2, as sulfur usually gains two electrons to reach a full octet and achieve stability.
What would happen for boron to have a full octet?
Boron has 3 valence electrons, which allows it to covalently bond to three other atoms. Each of the 3 covalent bonds has a pair of valence electrons, which means boron is sharing a total of six valence electrons in a compound. Boron still prefers an octet. Therefore, Boron can share a fourth bond which means boron will share 8 valence electrons, a full octet. But in this case, boron will have a formal charge: 3 valence - 4 bonds = -1 charge. The structure with 4 covalent bonds is similar to carbon (think CH4), but because boron has one less proton than carbon, boron carries a negative formal charge when boron fills its octet by covalently bondingto 4 atoms.An example of this would be the acid-base reaction:BF3 + diethyl ether (C2H5)2OThe oxygen will use one of its lone pair of electrons to form a covalent bond with boron.This means boron has a minus one formal charge and has 3 bonds (with 3 fluorines)and one bond to oxygen. The oxygen now is sharing one of its lone pairs in a covalentbond, so the oxygen has a plus one formal charge now: 6-3-2=+1.
Would C-Br bond be polar?
Yes, the C-Br bond is polar because bromine is more electronegative than carbon, causing a separation of charge with a partial negative charge on the bromine atom and a partial positive charge on the carbon atom.
What ion would a calcium atom turn into if it was obeying the octet rule?
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How many electrons would be found in a cation of Carbon with a 1 charge?
A cation is a positively charged ion, meaning it has lost electrons. In the case of a 1+ charge on a carbon cation, it would have 5 electrons (neutral Carbon has 6 electrons).
What formal charge does carbon have?
The formal charge on the carbon atom of carbon monoxide in its major resonance form (triple bonded with oxygen) is -1. However, the electronegativity difference cancels it out for the most part (oxygen in this case as a formal charge of +1). It would be more accurate to say that there is simply a small dipole moment between the two molecules with the negative end on carbon.
Which answer helps to explain why carbon atoms tend to make 4 covalent bonds?
Carbon has 4 electrons in its outer shell, allowing it to form 4 covalent bonds by sharing electrons with other atoms. This stable configuration of 8 electrons fulfills the octet rule, making carbon atoms more stable when they form 4 bonds.
What is the overall charge of a carbon atom and three oxygen atoms?
The overall charge of a carbon atom and three oxygen atoms would be -2. This is because carbon has an oxidation state of +4 and each oxygen atom has an oxidation state of -2, resulting in a total charge of -2 for the entire molecule.
How many electrons does nitrogen gain to form and ion?
Nitrogen can gain three electrons to form an ion with a charge of -3. This would give nitrogen a stable octet of electrons in its outer shell, following the octet rule.
Does oxygen ever have a 3- oxidation number?
No, oxygen will never have a -3 oxidation number. If it had a -3 oxidation number, it would not have a full octet. It would have a +1 charge, therefore making it not happy.
Why is ammonia NH3 and not NH2?
Because they wouldn't be balanced without three hydrogens. Nitrogen (N) has a charge of 3-, and Hydrogen (H) has a charge of 1+. With only two hydrogen atoms, the charge would be -1, not balanced.
How many electrons would mg give away so it would have a full octet?
Magnesium has 12 electrons, with 2 electrons in its outermost shell. To have a full octet, magnesium needs to lose these 2 electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration, resulting in a 2+ charge as it becomes a cation.
