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The most common chemicals are ones that evolve gas on the mixing and form an aqueous salt -- such as carbonates (CO3 2-) or bicarbonates (HCO3 1-).

These chemicals react with a typical acid (HA) to form the following:

Na2CO3 + 2 HA --> 2 NaA + H2CO3

The latter of the two products, "carbonic acid," spontaneously converts to water and carbon dioxide, forming bubbles.

H2CO3 --> H2O + CO2

AND

NaHCO3 + HA --> NaA + H2CO3

In this reaction, carbonic acid converts in the same process described above to form bubbles of carbon dioxide as well.

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16y ago

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