Who are some famous chemists and what are their contributions?
Below is a list of world-famous chemists:Alfred Nobel (1833-1896), Swedish chemist, engineer, best known for isolating dynamiteLuis Federico Leloir (1906-1987), Argentine biochemist and winner of the 1970 Nobel Prize for research into sugar nucleotides, metabolism of carbohydrates, and renal hypertensionTeunis Ven-der Linden (1884-1965), Dutch chemist, developed insecticide "Lindane"Jabir bin Hayyan (721-815), A Persian polymath and considered the father of modern chemistry. He invented of over twenty types of now-basic chemical laboratory equipment, such as the alembic and retort. He discovered sulfuric acid, and by distilling it together with various salts, Jabir discovered hydrochloric acid (from salt) and nitric acid (from saltpeter).Democritus (460-370B.C.), Greek philosopher introduced idea that matter consisted of atoms having physical size and shape which constantly moved in a void and interacted in different waysDaniel Rutherford (1749-1819), discovered nitrogenRobert Boyle (1627-1691), English physicist and chemist. Experimented in pneumatics (the study of mechanical properties of air and other gases). Through research he rejected the accepted definition of matter and Proposed Boyle's Law (1662)Henry Canvendish (1731-1810), English physicist and chemist, discovered hydrogen (1766), and discovered nitric acidJohn Dalton (1766-1844), English chemist and physicist,(1793), developed atomic theory. His theory (1805) accounts for the law of conservation of mass, law of definite proportions, and law of multiple proportions, he also reduced the first table of atomic weightsAmedeo Avogadro (1776-1856) stated that equal volumes of gases, at the same temperature and pressure, had the same amount of molecules, proposed the Avogadro's Law which states that, "Equal volumes of gases contain the equal number of molecules when the given temperature and pressure are same for all the gases." The number of molecules present is known as, Avogadro's number and is 6.023 x 1023Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac (1778-1850), French chemist and physicist, developed the law of volumes concerning the combination of gases, and also discovered BoronRobert Wilhelm Bunsen (1811-1899), German chemist, helped develop the spectroscope, introduced the Bunsen burner that was actually developed by his laboratory assistant, Peter Desaga, discovered elements Cesium and RubidiumDmitri Ivanovich Mendeleev (1834-1907), Russian chemist, Developed the periodic table by placing the elements in order of increasing atomic weight (1869), Predicted the existence and properties of elements that would fill the gaps left in his chart (1871), These elements were discovered between 1875 and 1885Joseph John Thomson(1856-1940) English physicist, Researched atomic structure, Discovered that atoms contained particles which he called "electrons" by testing the ratio of cathode ray particles to their mass and found out that they were always equal. he Received Nobel Prize for physics (1907) and developed the mass spectrograph with Francis William Ason (1919)Robert Andrews Milikan(1868-1953)American physicist, Succeeded in measuring, quite accurately, the minimum electric charge that could be carried by a particle (1911)Ernest Rutherford(1871-1937) British physicist from New Zealand, Discovered several radioactive isotopes with colleagues (1899-1905), Classified forms of radiation as alpha, beta, and gamma; received Nobel Prize for chemistry (1908)Svante Arrhenius (1859 -1927) - He proposed the equation now known as the Arrhenius equation. He was also one of the first chemists who proposed that when in a solution the salt dissociates into ions even in the absence of an electric current.Jons Jacob Berzelius (1779 - 1848) - Swedish, gave the technique of chemical formula notations. He also proposed the law of constant proportions, which proved that inorganic substances are made of elements that are in constant proportion by weight.Marie Curie (1867 - 1934) - Polish born chemist and physicist, discovered the radioactive elements radium and polonium for which she was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry.Michael Faraday (1791 - 1867) - discovered the aromatic compound benzene.
