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Why are electrons in the 1s subshell much closer to the nucleus in Ar than in He?
Wiki User
∙ 13y ago
It is due to the increased in the effective nuclear charge in argon.
Helium has 2 protons in its nucleus. On the other hand, argon has 18 protons in its nucleus.Therefore, it has greater attractive power.
Due to this, all the electrons are pulled closer to nucleus.
Wiki User
∙ 13y ago
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Why is the ionisation energy of fluorine higher than iodine?
The best modern answer would involve quantum chemistry, but an easier to understand explanation is that the outermost electrons in fluorine are much closer to the nucleus that provides the attraction to hold the electrons and nucleus together as an atom than are the outermost electrons in iodine. This is sometimes called the "screening effect" of inner shell electrons that weakens the attraction between the nucleus and the outer shell electrons in large atoms such as iodine.
In a Bohr diagram how many electrons are in each shell?
There are 4 electron sub-shells: s, p, d, and f. These letters stand for sharp, principal, diffuse, and fundamental, but the names are not important. s subshells have 2 electons, while p subshells have 6, d subshells have 10, and f subshells have 14. There can be higher subshells, but these subshells require too much energy to fill and no element with a g subshell (the next subshell after f) has ever been synthesized. The first shell (i.e. the first period of the periodic table) has only s. Thus, the first shell has 2 electrons. The second shell has s and p subshells, so it has 2+6 or 8 electrons. The third shell has s, p, and d subshells. It ultimately has 18 electons. This can be misleading, however. The d subshell requires more energy to fill than the higher-shell s subshell. This is why the third period of the periodic table does not have a d section: the d electron subshell of the third Bohr shell does not fill until after the s subshell of the fourth Bohr shell has filled. Looking at the periodic table, you can see that the third period only has 8 electrons, while the 4th period has 18. The 18 electrons in the fourth period are the s subshell of the fourth shell, the d subshell of the 3rd shell, and the p subshell of the 4th shell. The fourth shell is similar to the third shell, but more extreme. The fourth shell has s, p, d, and f subshells, but the f subshell is not filled until two higher s shells have been filled. It does, however, fill out to 32 electrons in the 6th period of the periodic table. In the 6th period, the first period to have 32 electrons, there are 32 electrons, filling these subshells: s subshell of the 6th shell, f subshell of the 4th shell, d subshell of the 5th shell, and then the p subshell of the 6th shell. The fifth shell would ultimately fill out to a full 50 electrons and would do so in the 8th period of the periodic table. However, as previously noted, no substance has ever been found or generated with that many electrons. It would fill the s subshell of three shells above (i.e. shell 8) before it filled the g subshell of shell 5. No element in the 8th period has ever been synthesized, so a filled fifth Bohr shell has never been found. A good example for a Bohr diagram would be Astatine, which is in the 6th period. In the first shell of the Bohr diagram, you have 2 electrons (s subshell only). It is filled completely. In the second, you have 8 electrons (s and p subshells) and in the third you have 18 electrons (s, p, and d), and both shells are filled completely. In the fourth shell, you have 32 electrons (s, p, d, and f), and it is filled completely. In the fifth shell, you have 18 electrons. This is because only the s, p, and d subshells are filled. It would require too much energy to fill the f subshell of the 5th shell, so the electrons just go to the s, p, and d subshell of higher shells. The 6th shell has 7 electrons. The 2 electrons of the s subshell are filled first, and then 5 electrons go into the p shell.
Where is most of the mass located in an atom?
By far it is in the nucleus. Neutrons are very slightly more massive than protons, but not all atoms have neutrons. All atoms will have at least one proton. Protons and neutrons are both much, much more massive than electrons. Relatively speaking.
How many electrons can the third energy level hold?
The third energy level has three subshells (3s, 3p, and 3d). The total number of electrons that it can house is simply the sum of the number of electrons in these subshells. Since the 3s subshell can hold 2, the 3p can hold 6, and the 3d can hold 10, the third energy level can hold 2 + 6 +10 = 18 electrons.It is important to note, however, that when filling the third energy level, the s subshell of the fourth energy level, 4s, must be filled before the 3d subshell.
Why does the atomic radius decrease when going from left to right on the periodic table?
The positive charge of the nucleus is greater and it draws the electrons closer to the center of the atom. Since the electrons are responsible for the total size of the atom the atom gets smaller and smaller.
Why is the ionisation energy of fluorine higher than iodine?
The best modern answer would involve quantum chemistry, but an easier to understand explanation is that the outermost electrons in fluorine are much closer to the nucleus that provides the attraction to hold the electrons and nucleus together as an atom than are the outermost electrons in iodine. This is sometimes called the "screening effect" of inner shell electrons that weakens the attraction between the nucleus and the outer shell electrons in large atoms such as iodine.
What was neil bohrs prediction about the location of electrons in the atom?
Bohr predicted that electrons would orbit the nucleus much like the planets orbit the sun. This is not quite true, however, as electrons are found in the electron cloud, and do not have a specific position until they are observed.his professor Rutherford knew electrons went on the outer shells. he developed the theory that electrons can move to different levels closer or farther from the nucleus.
In a Bohr diagram how many electrons are in each shell?
There are 4 electron sub-shells: s, p, d, and f. These letters stand for sharp, principal, diffuse, and fundamental, but the names are not important. s subshells have 2 electons, while p subshells have 6, d subshells have 10, and f subshells have 14. There can be higher subshells, but these subshells require too much energy to fill and no element with a g subshell (the next subshell after f) has ever been synthesized. The first shell (i.e. the first period of the periodic table) has only s. Thus, the first shell has 2 electrons. The second shell has s and p subshells, so it has 2+6 or 8 electrons. The third shell has s, p, and d subshells. It ultimately has 18 electons. This can be misleading, however. The d subshell requires more energy to fill than the higher-shell s subshell. This is why the third period of the periodic table does not have a d section: the d electron subshell of the third Bohr shell does not fill until after the s subshell of the fourth Bohr shell has filled. Looking at the periodic table, you can see that the third period only has 8 electrons, while the 4th period has 18. The 18 electrons in the fourth period are the s subshell of the fourth shell, the d subshell of the 3rd shell, and the p subshell of the 4th shell. The fourth shell is similar to the third shell, but more extreme. The fourth shell has s, p, d, and f subshells, but the f subshell is not filled until two higher s shells have been filled. It does, however, fill out to 32 electrons in the 6th period of the periodic table. In the 6th period, the first period to have 32 electrons, there are 32 electrons, filling these subshells: s subshell of the 6th shell, f subshell of the 4th shell, d subshell of the 5th shell, and then the p subshell of the 6th shell. The fifth shell would ultimately fill out to a full 50 electrons and would do so in the 8th period of the periodic table. However, as previously noted, no substance has ever been found or generated with that many electrons. It would fill the s subshell of three shells above (i.e. shell 8) before it filled the g subshell of shell 5. No element in the 8th period has ever been synthesized, so a filled fifth Bohr shell has never been found. A good example for a Bohr diagram would be Astatine, which is in the 6th period. In the first shell of the Bohr diagram, you have 2 electrons (s subshell only). It is filled completely. In the second, you have 8 electrons (s and p subshells) and in the third you have 18 electrons (s, p, and d), and both shells are filled completely. In the fourth shell, you have 32 electrons (s, p, d, and f), and it is filled completely. In the fifth shell, you have 18 electrons. This is because only the s, p, and d subshells are filled. It would require too much energy to fill the f subshell of the 5th shell, so the electrons just go to the s, p, and d subshell of higher shells. The 6th shell has 7 electrons. The 2 electrons of the s subshell are filled first, and then 5 electrons go into the p shell.
How does an atom's electrons affect its radioactivity?
They don't. Electrons come and electrons go, and the nucleus doesn't much care.Radioactivity is the process of the nucleusfalling apart.
What prevents the electrons that orbit an atom's nucleus at high speeds from breaking away from the nucleus due to centrifugal force?
The electrons are attracted to the protons in the nucleus.
Where can you find a Nucleus?
In the very centre of a atom. The nucleus is composed mainly of protons and neutrons surrounded by a swarm of much smaller electrons.
How does the diameter of the K atom compare to the diameter of the K plus cation?
The K+ cation is much, much smaller than the neutral K atom--as much as 10 time smaller. This is true of all atoms and their cations, since in a cation there are more protons than electrons. Because of this, the protons' pull on the electrons is very strong, pulling the electron cloud much closer to the nucleus
Which is more massive an atoms nucleus or an atoms electron cloud?
The nucleus, consisting of protons and neutrons, is much more massive than the electrons.
How much smaller is the diameter of a nucleus compared to the diameter of the location of electrons?
it's ovisly 97%
Which part of the atom contains more than 99 percent of its mass?
The protons and neutrons found in the nucleus are responsible for the majority of the atom mass while the much smaller electrons orbit the nucleus.
Where is most of the mass located in an atom?
By far it is in the nucleus. Neutrons are very slightly more massive than protons, but not all atoms have neutrons. All atoms will have at least one proton. Protons and neutrons are both much, much more massive than electrons. Relatively speaking.
Do electrons have the mass as protons?
Protons are part of the nucleus, so they have less mass than the nucleus (except in the specific case of hydrogen, where the nucleus is a single proton so they have the same mass).Electrons are much less massive than protons. It would take 1836 electrons to equal the mass of one proton.Neutrons are very slightly more massive than protons, by just about the mass of an electron. They're close enough that they're generally treated as having essentially the same mass.
