From an SN1 perspective, the more stable intermediate, the more reactive the substance. In both benzyl chloride and 1-chlorobutane, a primary carbon holds the halogen; primary carbons make awful carbocations. However, since benzyl chloride has a benzene ring in an alpha position to the primary carbon, there is the option for resonance of the carbocation to other positions in the molecule. This resonance greatly increases the stability of the intermediate to reaction, making reaction easier to initiate, increasing reactivity
Chlorobenzene is less reactive than benzyl chloride because the chlorine atom in chlorobenzene is less polarizable than the bromine atom in benzyl chloride. As a result, the chlorine atom is less prone to nucleophilic attack, making chlorobenzene less reactive.
Yes, toluene can be chlorinated to form chlorobenzene without the need to use benzene. This process can help avoid the carcinogenic risks associated with benzene exposure. Toluene is less toxic than benzene and can be a safer alternative for producing chlorobenzene.
Ethene is used industrially more than chloroethane because ethene is a key building block in the production of many important chemicals such as polyethylene, which has a wide range of industrial applications. Chloroethane, on the other hand, is less versatile and has limited industrial uses compared to ethene. Additionally, ethene can be produced more cost-effectively and in larger quantities compared to chloroethane.
The dipole moment of chlorobenzene is lower than cyclohexyl chloride because benzene ring in chlorobenzene has resonance delocalization of electrons which reduces the polarity of the molecule, whereas in cyclohexyl chloride, the chlorine atom is directly attached to a saturated carbon atom leading to a more localized dipole moment.
Hydrogen is more reactive than Copper, but less reactive than Zinc which is less reactive than Magnesium which is less reactive than Potassium. Potassium is the most reactive of all, relatively speaking.
Chlorobenzene is less reactive than benzyl chloride because the chlorine atom in chlorobenzene is less polarizable than the bromine atom in benzyl chloride. As a result, the chlorine atom is less prone to nucleophilic attack, making chlorobenzene less reactive.
Yes, toluene can be chlorinated to form chlorobenzene without the need to use benzene. This process can help avoid the carcinogenic risks associated with benzene exposure. Toluene is less toxic than benzene and can be a safer alternative for producing chlorobenzene.
Ethene is used industrially more than chloroethane because ethene is a key building block in the production of many important chemicals such as polyethylene, which has a wide range of industrial applications. Chloroethane, on the other hand, is less versatile and has limited industrial uses compared to ethene. Additionally, ethene can be produced more cost-effectively and in larger quantities compared to chloroethane.
The dipole moment of chlorobenzene is lower than cyclohexyl chloride because benzene ring in chlorobenzene has resonance delocalization of electrons which reduces the polarity of the molecule, whereas in cyclohexyl chloride, the chlorine atom is directly attached to a saturated carbon atom leading to a more localized dipole moment.
Sodium
No, titanium is less reactive than sodium.
Sodium is more reactive than lithium and magnesium but less reactive than potassium.
No, copper is less reactive than aluminum.
Iron is more reactive than lead but less reactive than zinc. It is commonly used in construction and manufacturing due to its relatively stable and corrosion-resistant properties compared to lead and zinc.
Hydrogen (H) is more reactive. Francium (Fr) is less reactive.
Hydrogen is more reactive than Copper, but less reactive than Zinc which is less reactive than Magnesium which is less reactive than Potassium. Potassium is the most reactive of all, relatively speaking.
Zn is more reactive than Ga, Cd is more reactive than In; but Tl is more reactive than Hg.