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Why do you need a molecular weight ruler alongside your samples during electrophoresis?
Wiki User
∙ 13y ago
A molecular weight ruler uses a sample of fragments of a known size (known as a molecular weight marker) to be placed alongside the experimental and control samples. It helps compare the migration distance of the experimental fragments to the migrating distance of the fragments of a known size that make up the molecular weight marker.
Then the scientist can calculate an approx. size of their experimental samples.
Wiki User
∙ 13y ago
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Why do you use electrophoresis?
Estimation of the size of DNA molecules following restriction enzyme digestion, e.g. in restriction mapping of cloned DNA.Analysis of PCR products, e.g. in molecular genetic diagnosis or genetic fingerprintingSeparation of restricted genomic DNA prior to Southern transfer, or of RNA prior to Northern transfer.Gel electrophoresis is used in forensics, molecular biology, genetics, microbiology and biochemistry. The results can be analyzed quantitatively by visualizing the gel with UV light and a gel imaging device. The image is recorded with a computer operated camera, and the intensity of the band or spot of interest is measured and compared against standard or markers loaded on the same gel. The measurement and analysis are mostly done with specialized software.Depending on the type of analysis being performed, other techniques are often implemented in conjunction with the results of gel electrophoresis, providing a wide range of field-specific applications.
Some viva voce questions for electrophoresis?
1. WHAT IS ELECTROPHORESIS AND WHAT ARE THE IMPORTANTAPPLICATIONS OF ELECTROPHORESIS?Ans. Movement of charged particle in the electric field either towards cathode or anode whensubjected to an electric current is called electrophoresis.The following factors influence the movement of particles during the electrophoresis.(a) Electric current.(b) Net charge of the particle.(c) Size and shape of the particle.(d) Type of supporting media.(e) Buffer solution.Important Applications of ElectrophoresisThe technique of electrophoresis is used to separate and identify the(i) Serum proteins(ii) Serum lipoproteins(iii) Blood hemoglobins2. WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF ELECTROPHORESIS?Ans. (a) Moving boundary electrophoresis: This technique was first introduced by TISELIUS in 1937(b) Zone electrophoresis: In this type of electrophoresis different types of supporting mediaare used. These are;(a) Paper electrophoresis(i) Whatman filter paper(ii) Cellulose acetate(b) Gel electrophoresis(i) Agarose.(ii) Polyacrylamide gel (used for the separation of isoenzymes).(iii) SDS-PAGE.(iv) Iso-electric focussing (proteins seperated in a medium possessing a stable pH gradient).(v) Immuno electrophoresis (for the separation of immunoglobulins).
What might be occurring on a molecular level during the rest periods?
Intracellular ADP and inorganic phosphate are decreacing.
Are atoms created destroyed during or rearranged during a chemical reaction?
In chemical reactions, the number of atoms stays the same, yet they may recombine into different types of molecules. That is why some chemical reactions use two compounds to create a different coumpound.
What is happening on a molecular level during devitrification of glass?
basically the glass is becoming crystalline after a certain amount of heat has been applied for a certain amount of time.
When is DNA cut during electrophoresis?
Electrophoresis technique is not designed to cut DNA molecule. When DNA is analyzed by electrophoresis to determine its molecular mass, the molecular biology engineer usualy digests the DNA molecule, before the electrophoresis, with specific enzymes called "restriction enzymes" in order to obtain fragments of diverse molecular weights that can be seen as bands in electrophoresis gels.
What holds the DNA sample during electrophoresis?
DNA samples are within the gel matrix during electrophoresis. DNA moves at differtent rates through the pores of the gel depending on how long the fragments are. DNA is held by the gel itself.
Why do you use electrophoresis?
Estimation of the size of DNA molecules following restriction enzyme digestion, e.g. in restriction mapping of cloned DNA.Analysis of PCR products, e.g. in molecular genetic diagnosis or genetic fingerprintingSeparation of restricted genomic DNA prior to Southern transfer, or of RNA prior to Northern transfer.Gel electrophoresis is used in forensics, molecular biology, genetics, microbiology and biochemistry. The results can be analyzed quantitatively by visualizing the gel with UV light and a gel imaging device. The image is recorded with a computer operated camera, and the intensity of the band or spot of interest is measured and compared against standard or markers loaded on the same gel. The measurement and analysis are mostly done with specialized software.Depending on the type of analysis being performed, other techniques are often implemented in conjunction with the results of gel electrophoresis, providing a wide range of field-specific applications.
How particles would move in gel electrophoresis according to size?
During gel electrophoresis, the smaller particles move faster than the larger ones. The end of the gel where the samples are loaded is called the sample origin. Samples move from the origin toward the opposite electrode according to size. At the end of the run, smaller particles will have migrated farther from the origin and the larger ones will be found closer to the origin
Why the marker lanes are used during electrophoresis?
The marker lanes are important in electrophoresis because in these lanes peptides or proteins with known molecular sizes and weights (standards) run beside, on the same gel, with the sample and the Rfs (relative mobilities) of the developed bands of the unknown proteins can be compared with those of the standards.
Which fragements travel the fastest and farthest during electrophoresis?
The smallest and lightest fragments.
Some viva voce questions for electrophoresis?
1. WHAT IS ELECTROPHORESIS AND WHAT ARE THE IMPORTANTAPPLICATIONS OF ELECTROPHORESIS?Ans. Movement of charged particle in the electric field either towards cathode or anode whensubjected to an electric current is called electrophoresis.The following factors influence the movement of particles during the electrophoresis.(a) Electric current.(b) Net charge of the particle.(c) Size and shape of the particle.(d) Type of supporting media.(e) Buffer solution.Important Applications of ElectrophoresisThe technique of electrophoresis is used to separate and identify the(i) Serum proteins(ii) Serum lipoproteins(iii) Blood hemoglobins2. WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF ELECTROPHORESIS?Ans. (a) Moving boundary electrophoresis: This technique was first introduced by TISELIUS in 1937(b) Zone electrophoresis: In this type of electrophoresis different types of supporting mediaare used. These are;(a) Paper electrophoresis(i) Whatman filter paper(ii) Cellulose acetate(b) Gel electrophoresis(i) Agarose.(ii) Polyacrylamide gel (used for the separation of isoenzymes).(iii) SDS-PAGE.(iv) Iso-electric focussing (proteins seperated in a medium possessing a stable pH gradient).(v) Immuno electrophoresis (for the separation of immunoglobulins).
Properties of DNA fragments which allow them to be separated from each other during gel electrophoresis?
They are negatively charged and are of different sizes
What did Darwin do during his traveling?
he collected thousands of plants and animal samples
What is typically transferred during atomic and molecular collisions?
Energy.
The Indian National Army fought alongside the during World War 2.?
British.
What precaution should take during gel electrophoresis?
when using the micropipettes,be careful and avoid contaiinating the micropipettes by slowly releasing the plunger
