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Iodine turns yellow due to a chemical reaction called iodine sublimation. When solid iodine is heated, it sublimes, meaning it transitions directly from a solid to a gas without passing through a liquid phase. In its gaseous state, iodine molecules absorb certain wavelengths of light, causing them to appear yellow to our eyes. This phenomenon is known as the Tyndall effect, where colloidal particles scatter light, giving the substance its characteristic color.

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