The electronic configuration of silver is written a [Kr] 4d105s1
The 1st ionisation energy is 730.8 kJ/mole
The second is 2072.6 kJ/mol.
Only the 5s electron is readily removed.
Silver has some chemical similarities to the group1 elements, sodium potassium etc.
once one electron is removed a stable electronic configuration (with completely filled s orbital) is obtained
While Sc(I) is the most common oxidation state Sc(III) is also known, for example ScCl3 is known as are the other trihalides. In this oxidation state the two s electrons ar both lost.
There is no reason, primarily because the assertion in the question is false. For example you can have silver subfluoride (AG2F), silver fluoride (AgF) and silver difluoride (AgF2), so you were clearly misinformed.
Group 1 elements are the most electropositive in nature and have only 1 valence electron. So, they always show the oxidation state of +1.
They show the oxidation an reduction halves of a reaction
Oxidation is found by putting the unknown oxidation number as x and all other values of oxidation number are added, and are put equal to the total charge on the species. Any constiuents ion's oxidation number can be put equal to the charge. Oxygen always show -2 oxidation state except peroxide, AND superoxides, an other exception is also there i.e. OF2. Alkali metals always show +1 oxd state. Eartheline earth metal show +2 oxd state. Eg- In KMnO4, +1 for K, x for Mn, all O's with -2 each Thus, (+1) + (x) + (4*-2) = 0, 0 for KMnO4 is a neutral species. Here, x = +7. Oxd state or number of Mn in KMnO4 is 7. For more details, contact me at ishuswami@gmail.Com
Metals are electropositive elements and have low ionnisation enthaply, so there tendency to lose an electron is very high, so they show only positive oxidation states.
The question should be either 'alkali metals' or 'alkaline earth metals'. For alkali metals or group 1 elements, the oxidation number is +1 (note. hyddrogen can have +1 and -1). For alkaline earth metals, the oxidation number is +2 In addition all these elements will have an oxidation number of 0 in their elemental form
why do alkali metels not show +2 oxidation state
Because they have only one electron in their valency shell. The second oxidation state would require the atom to lose an electron from its penultimate shell which is full.
When halogens bind to more electropositive elements (compared it itself), they show -1 oxidation state. When halogens bind to more electronegative elements (compared it itself), they show +1 oxidation state.
because they are stable
It is rarely, but manganese can show the valence 5+.
Aluminium, Gallium,Indium, Thallium show O.S. of +3. Since Ununtrium is also placed in group 13, it might show O.S of +3 as well. In 3d transition series, Scandium,Titanium, Vanadium,Chromium,Manganese,Iron,Cobalt,Nickel show the oxidation state of three. In 4d transition series, Yttrium, Zirconium,Niobium, Molybdenum,Technetium,Ruthenium, Rhodium, Silver. In 5d transition series, Hafnium,Tantalum,Tungsten, Rhenium,Osmium,Iridium, Gold,Platinum show O.S. of +3. Also, All the Lanthanides elements show oxidation state of +3. Among the Actinides, Actinium, Protactinium, Uranium,Neptunium,Plutonium,Americium,Curium, Berkelium, Californium,Einsteinium,Fermium,Mendelevium,Nobelium and Lawrencium show oxidation state of +3. Apart from these, Meitnerium is also predicted to show O.S. of +3 .
Never. iron shows either +2 or +3 oxidation state but in Fe3O4 its oxidation state is seems to +4 but it is actually mixture of one moles FeO and one mole Fe2O3 , (FeO.Fe2O3 = Fe3O4).
All are radioactive and all of them can show the oxidation state of +3
Ruthenium and Osmium both show the oxidation state of +8, which is highest known for any single metal ion.
Group 1 elements are the most electropositive in nature and have only 1 valence electron. So, they always show the oxidation state of +1.
They show the oxidation an reduction halves of a reaction
oxygen and fluorine