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What type of elements form negative ions?
Nonmetals typically form negative ions by gaining electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration. For example, fluorine, chlorine, and oxygen commonly form negative ions by gaining one or more electrons.
Electrons that are held most loosely in an atom are called what?
The electrons in the valence band, this can be 1 to 8 electrons (in the s and p orbitals of the outer shell) depending on the element.
Why does a semiconductor have fewer free electron than a conductor?
Valence electrons only are able to cross the energy gap in semiconductors since it is greater than that of conductors. That is why semiconductors have fewer free electrons than conductors.
Why wouldn't an atom form a chemical bond?
An atom may not form a chemical bond if its outer electron shell is already stable or full, such as in the case of noble gases. These atoms have a complete valence shell, so they are typically unreactive and do not need to form bonds to achieve stability.
What is difference between valence band theory and crystal field theory?
Valence band theory describes the electronic structure of solids based on the energy levels of electrons in the valence band of the material. On the other hand, crystal field theory focuses on the interaction between the d-orbitals of transition metal ions and the surrounding ligands, which results in the splitting of d-orbitals into different energy levels.
Why are Monovalent metal so conductive?
The single valence band electron can easily escape and become a conduction band electron.
Are free electron in valence band or conduction band?
In semiconductors free electrons are in conduction bands.
What is valence band?
It is the band of energy of an electron in outer most orbit
Valence electron conductor also can be called?
A valence electron conductor can also be called a semiconductor. Semiconductors have a small but nonzero energy gap between the valence band and the conduction band, allowing them to conduct electricity under certain conditions.
what is the negative ion?
an atom with one or more extra electron(s) in its valence band. There are also molecular ions but they are more complicated to explain than simple atomic ions.
Possibility of holes in conduction band?
hoes are vacancies left by the electron in the valence band. hence there cannot be holes in the conduction band
What is the working principle of Light Emitting Diode and their commercial types?
when electron is excited from valence band to conduction band
How does the energy of core electron compare with the energy of valence electron?
valence electrons are bound to atoms and are used to bind atoms into molecules. free electron are free, either they are in the conduction band "electron gas" of a metal or they are in a vacuum (perhaps in a vacuum tube).
What is recombination in electronics?
Process by which a conduction band electron gives up energy (in the form of heat or light) and falls into a valence band hole.
Are having eight valence electrons makes atoms very reactive?
No, eight valence electrons completely fills the valence band and makes the atom inert. The most reactive atoms have either one valence electron or seven valence electrons.
What is the difference between direct and indirect energy?
The band gap represents the minimum energy difference between the top of the valence band and the bottom of the conduction band, However, the top of the valence band and the bottom of the conduction band are not generally at the same value of the electron momentum. In a direct band gap semiconductor, the top of the valence band and the bottom of the conduction band occur at the same value of momentum.In an indirect band gap semiconductor, the maximum energy of the valence band occurs at a different value of momentum to the minimum in the conduction band energy
What is the energy band gap of germanium?
The energy band gap of germanium is approximately 0.67 electronvolts (eV). This means that it requires this amount of energy to move an electron from the valence band to the conduction band in germanium.
