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Bronze is an alloy. It is a mixture of metals. Modern bronze is approximately 88-90% copper and 10-12% tin. Bronzes can contain other metals as well like zinc, aluminium...

First, metal properties are dependent on the free flow of valence electrons between the positive nuclei. This accounts for their conductivity, malleability, ductility. We could think of the metal atoms as spheres that electrons can jump between.

Second, metals have different diameters, different numbers of valence electrons and different energy differences between energy levels.

Third, if two metals are mixed then the ability for electrons to pass between nuclei is changed due to the sizes of the nuclei and the energy gap required to promote the valence electrons. Think about the difference in properties between a bowl of ball bearings and a bowl of ball bearings mixed with sand.

Bronze has different properties to either copper or tin due to the interstitial* metal's affect on the mobility of the electrons.

* Interstitial means in the spaces between the dominant metal.

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Q: Why is the mixture of bronze better than its parts?
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What is a mixture of tin and copper?

Bronze is the mixture of tin and copper. Bronze is an alloy that is much harder than copper. Many things were made out of bronze in a time period known as the Bronze Age.


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