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Closed Foundation

In a closed foundation, the foundation wall

extends from the footing to the first floor around

the perimeter of the building. The foundation

wall is typically a bearing wall. The below-grade

portion is typically constructed of concrete or

masonry, but preservative-treated wood can also

be used. The foundation wall encloses

a basement, a crawlspace, or the soil below a slabon-

grade.

Open Foundation

In an open foundation, the building is supported

by piles or piers, and the bottom of the first-floor

framing is several feet above-grade Piles and piers are constructed of concrete,masonry, timber, or steel.

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Where does the beam columns used in practice for construction?

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Flat slabs are used in construction primarily for their simplicity and efficiency. They eliminate the need for beams, allowing for a more open and flexible floor plan, which is ideal for buildings like parking garages, office spaces, and residential structures. Additionally, flat slabs provide faster construction times and reduced material costs, making them a popular choice for modern architectural designs. Their uniform thickness also facilitates easier installation of utilities and finishes.


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Difference between load bearing wall and framed structure?

Load bearing structures are structures where the loads are transferred to the foundation via load bearing walls(external and internal). These type of structures have a smaller window to walls ratio. Since the loads are borne by the walls the height of walls are limited. Framed structures are structures where the loads are transferred to the foundation via beams and columns. So beams and columns play a major role here. The loads in floor is transferred to the beams and then columns. These type structures can have large open areas in the walls. These type of structures can be adapted in high-rise buildings.


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The categories of positions in the Philippine civil service are: Career Service and Non-career Service. Under the career service category are seven kinds of career positions, namely: open career positions; closed career positions; career executive service positions; career officers; commissioned officers and enlisted personnel of the Armed Forces; personnel of government-owned and controlled corporations; and permanent laborers.

Related Questions

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