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What is chain surveying?
Chain surveying, also known as linear surveying, is a basic method of land surveying used to measure and map small and relatively flat areas. It is a simple and traditional technique that involves the use of chains or tapes to measure distances and basic instruments to measure angles. Chain surveying is often used for small-scale surveys such as creating maps for agricultural fields, small plots, or subdivisions. Here's how chain surveying works: 1. Measurement of Distances: In chain surveying, distances are measured using chains (typically 66 feet or 100 feet) or steel tapes. These chains or tapes are laid out along the linear features of the land being surveyed, such as property boundaries or roads. The total distance is obtained by chaining together multiple segments. 2. Measurement of Angles: Basic angles can be measured using a compass, theodolite, or other simple instruments. These angles are used to determine the direction of the surveyed lines and to calculate the layout of the land. 3. Stations and Offsets: The surveyed area is divided into smaller segments called "stations." At each station, measurements are taken to locate nearby features or boundaries, and perpendicular lines known as "offsets" are measured to mark points of interest. 4. Plotting: The data collected during the survey is used to create a scaled drawing or map of the surveyed area. The positions of boundaries, features, and angles are plotted on the map to create an accurate representation of the land. Advantages of Chain Surveying: **Simplicity:** Chain surveying is straightforward and requires minimal equipment and training. **Accuracy:** In relatively small and flat areas, chain surveying can provide accurate measurements for basic mapping purposes. **Low Cost:** It is a cost-effective method, making it suitable for smaller projects with limited budgets. Limitations of Chain Surveying: **Limited Coverage:** Chain surveying is not suitable for large or complex areas, as it becomes challenging to maintain accuracy over extended distances or rugged terrains. **Human Errors:** The accuracy of measurements in chain surveying can be affected by human errors, such as miscounting chain links or inaccurate readings. **Lack of Precision:** Chain surveying may not provide the level of precision required for detailed engineering projects or high-precision mapping. In modern surveying, more advanced methods such as total stations, GPS, and aerial surveys have largely replaced chain surveying for larger and more complex projects. However, chain surveying remains a valuable technique for smaller-scale surveys and in situations where advanced technology is not readily available or necessary.
Meaning of water level in civil engineering?
Water level is flat on sea according to civil engineering because water level is same on two point of a flat road. Building top or two point of a wall is flat because water level is same. A top of a building is known as flat if water level is same from all of its side. Water level can be checked by means of two sides of a transparent nylon tube or hose also in civil engineering by putting water inside it as per the length of tube or hose and both the sides had to be raised at the two points where it has to be checked. The level depends on gravitational force on earth from the center of the earth. So surface of road is known as flat. Even table or bed is known as flat. But surface of earth is known as round from outside the gravitational zone of earth from the space, not from earth.From the surface of earth earth is flat because water level is same. From the surface of sea sea is flat because water level of sea level is same. The concept is from sea level as per physics. So it is known for altitude for a location on earth means height above sea level. For example altitude of NEW YORK CITY is 33 feet above sea level.
Societal ideals that are reinforced by laws are known as .?
mores
What is uniformly distributed loads?
UDL = Uniformly Distributed Load UDSWL = Uniformly Distributed Safe Working Load UDL describes the way in which a load or weight is spread across a shelf area. Imagine a fish tank exactly the same size as the shelf; as you fill it with water, it finds its' own level so the load transmitted to the shelf is uniformly distributed.
What are some well known construction management companies?
Some well known construction management companies are McCormick-Steele Construction Company and all its subsidiaries which are mostly based in Dubai too.
How do you test a chain during chain survey?
To test the accuracy of a chain during a chain survey, you can compare its measured length to a known standard length. This can be done by measuring a baseline with the chain and then comparing it to a pre-measured baseline. Any discrepancies can indicate errors in the chain's length and need for adjustments.
What is percentage error?
Given a true value and the measured value,the error is measured value - true value;the relative error is (measured value - true value)/true value, andthe percentage error is 100*relative error.
What is the measurement of criket GROUND?
The length of a cricket ground is 22 yards known as a CHAIN
A student measured the mass of an object and found it to be 658 grams. The actual objects mass is known to be 755 grams what is the percent error of the measurement?
It is approx 12.8%.
How can I determine the size of a chain?
To determine the size of a chain, you can measure the distance between the centers of two adjacent links. This measurement is known as the pitch of the chain and is typically expressed in inches or millimeters. Additionally, you can count the number of links in a specific length of the chain to determine its size.
Why is twenty two yards called a chain?
In 1620, the clergyman Edmund Gunter developed a method of surveying land accurately with low technology equipment, using what became known as Gunter's chain. This was 66 feet (22 yards) long and from the practice of using his chain, the word transferred to the actual measured unit. His chain had 100 links, and the link is used as a subdivision of the chain as a unit of length. A rectangle of land one furlong in length and one chain in width has an area of one acre. It is sometimes suggested that this was a medieval parcel of land capable of being worked by one man and supporting one family, but there is no documentary support for this assertion, and it would in any case have predated Gunter's work.
Errors in precision are caused by such factors as noise. This type of error which reduces the precision of a measurement system is known as?
The type of error that reduces the precision of a measurement system due to factors like noise is called random error. Random errors are unpredictable fluctuations in measurements that can lead to variations in the measured values.
What are wave length and wave height?
Wave length, also known as cycle and period, is the difference in magnitude from one point on a wave to the corresponding point on an adjacent wave as measured along, and defined by, the x-axis of the graphed wave forms. Wave height, also known as magnitude, is the distance above or below the x-axis as measured along, and defined by, the y-axis of the graphed wave forms.
What unit of chain length in Britain is equal to 75 feet?
This is one of the dictionary definitions of the word "shot", see http://dictionary.reverso.net/english-definitions/shot. In surveying, the 'chain' means 66ft, 10 chains = 1 furlong, but this is a different use of the unit of chain length. ________________________________________________________________ In the imperial system of measurement there are two units referred to as a "chain". As already stated the usual measurement is the Surveyor's chain (also known as Gunter's chain) = 66 feet. The Engineer's chain = 100 feet. So 75 feet is equal to 1.136 chains, or 0.75 Engineer's chains
How do you calculate measurement uncertainty for acceleration given uncertainty in time?
If the distance is known to perfection, an acceleration is constant, then the absolute error in the calculation of acceleration is 2/t3, where t is the measured time.
Until I am measured I am not known Yet how you miss me when I have flown What am I?
Time is not known until it is measured and when it flies it is missed.
What is the length of a Utahraptor?
Utahraptor, one of the largest known dromaeosaurids, measured approximately 20 feet (6 meters) in length. This dinosaur was characterized by its large size, sharp claws, and predatory nature. Its impressive length made it a formidable predator during the Early Cretaceous period.
