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Martial law is a system of absolute miltary control over all military and civilian activities of a country. Martial law seeks to maintain public order in times of a crisis, when the normal civil institutions of justice either cannot function or could be deemed too slow or ill-equipped for the situation. Usually martial law curtails some of the personal rights ordinarily granted to the citizen, limits the length of the trial processes, and can prescribe more severe penalties than ordinary civil law.

The only nationwide use if martial law in the US was a limited period during the US Civil War when martial law was declared, and the right to Habeus Corpus was suspended in the Union (northern) States, by order of President Abraham Lincoln.

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