foliated.
Gneiss is a type of rock that has parallel bands of dark and light mineral grains. These bands are a result of the rock being subjected to high temperatures and pressures during its formation, causing the minerals to align in distinct layers.
A rock with bands of light and dark layers is typically a sedimentary rock, often referred to as banded or layered rock. This appearance can result from the deposition of different materials over time, such as minerals or organic matter, which create distinct layers. In some cases, metamorphic rocks, like gneiss, can also exhibit banding due to the alteration of pre-existing rocks under heat and pressure.
This rock is likely a type of metamorphic rock called gneiss. Gneiss forms under high heat and pressure conditions deep within the Earth's crust. The alternating layers of dark and light colors are a result of the rock's minerals recrystallizing into bands.
A rock with bands of light and dark layers is typically referred to as a sedimentary rock, specifically a type known as "banded sedimentary rock." These layers often represent different periods of sediment deposition, with variations in mineral composition, color, or organic material. Common examples include shale, sandstone, and limestone, which can show distinct layering due to environmental changes over time. In some cases, such banding can also be found in metamorphic rocks, like gneiss, which have undergone transformation under heat and pressure.
Foliated rock has parallel layers.
Foliated rock
Sedimentary rock.
That would be sedimentary rock, and (honorable mention) occasionally metamorphic rock.
Sedimentary rocks have flat layers.
Mineral bands are light and dark colored because they are different types of rock. In the rock cycle different types of rock can stack on top of each other, this can be subducted into the earth near the Mantle where there is enough pressure the rocks can start to melt and change. Because different types of rock metamorphose into different rocks you can have many layers in a type of rock. These can be light or dark colors depending on the rock.
Rase
The rock found on the Weymouth coast is mainly limestone, specifically the Purbeck Formation. This type of rock is known for its light color and layers of fossilized marine life, including shells and corals, from the Jurassic period.