catorgraphy
astrolabe
navigational compass
aircraft
APEX ;P
Map
Astrolabe
Navigational compass
Camera
were is the answer ..?
A milestone is a point some way through a project plan that indicates how far the project has progressed.
Basically, CPM (Critical Path Method) and PERT (Programme Evaluation Review Technique) are project management techniques, which have been created out of the need of Western industrial and military establishments to plan, schedule and control complex projects. Network diagram. Constructing a PERT diagram requires a manager to identify the interdependent phases of a project and the correct sequences of activities that lead to completion. Furthermore, when combined with applications of probability theory, PERT may be used to predict the duration of activities and forecast the complete date of a project.PERT, CPM techniques are used to guide project managers in making resource allocation decisions during the life of a project. Critical path method guides managers in identifying the sequence of activities that most directly influence the length of a project. Moreover, CPM enhances a manager's ability to use resources in an efficient way by providing a strategy for determining which activities can be expedited to minimize total project costs. Together, PERT and CPM rationalize the central tasks of project management-forecasting the completion date of projects, while coordinating resource allocations to maximize efficiency and effectiveness. Each activity (or sub-project) in a PERT/CPM Network is represented by an arrow symbol. Each activity is preceded and succeeded by an event, represented as a circle and numbered. At Event 3, we have to evaluate two predecessor activities - Activity 1-3 and Activity 2-3, both of which are predecessor activities. Activity 1-3 gives us an Earliest Start of 3 weeks at Event 3. However, Activity 2-3 also has to be completed before Event 3 can begin. Along this route, the Earliest Start would be 4+0=4. The rule is to take the longer (bigger) of the two Earliest Starts. So the Earliest Start at event 3 is 4. Similarly, at Event 4, we find we have to evaluate two predecessor activities - Activity 2-4 and Activity 3-4. Along Activity 2-4, the Earliest Start at Event 4 would be 10 wks, but along Activity 3-4, the Earliest Start at Event 4 would be 11 wks. Since 11 wks is larger than 10 wks, we select it as the Earliest Start at Event 4.We has now found the longest path through the network. It will take 11 weeks along activities 1-2, 2-3 and 3-4. This is the Critical Path. At Event 3 there is only one activity, Activity 3-4 in the backward pass, and we find that the value is 11-7 = 4 weeks. However at Event 2 we have to evaluate 2 activities, 2-3 and 2-4. We find that the backward pass through 2-4 gives us a value of 11-6 = 5 while 2-3 gives us 4-0 = 4. We take the smaller value of 4 on the backward pass. # Determine the critical path. PERT originally was an activity on arc network, in which the activities are represented on the lines and milestones on the nodes. Over time, some people began to use PERT as an activity on node network. For this discussion, we will use the original form of activity on arc The critical path is determined by adding the times for the activities in each sequence and determining the longest path in the project. The critical path determines the total calendar time required for the project. If activities outside the critical path speed up or slow down (within limits), the total project time does not change. The amount of time that a non-critical path activity can be delayed without delaying the project is referred to as slack time. If the critical path is not immediately obvious, it may be helpful to determine the following four quantities for each activity: * ES - Earliest Start time * EF - Earliest Finish time * LS - Latest Start time * LF - Latest Finish time These times are calculated using the expected time for the relevant activities. The earliest start and finish times of each activity are determined by working forward through the network and determining the earliest time at which an activity can start and finish considering its predecessor activities. The latest start and finish times are the latest times that an activity can start and finish without delaying the project. LS and LF are found by working backward through the network. The difference in the latest and earliest finish of each activity is that activity's slack. The critical path then is the path through the network in which none of the activities have slack.
In the 18th century, the development of the theodolite allowed geographers to accurately measure angles and distances, aiding in mapmaking. In the 19th century, the advent of aerial photography provided geographers with a new way to study and map landscapes from above, leading to advancements in photogrammetry. In the 20th century, the introduction of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) revolutionized the field by enabling geographers to analyze and visualize spatial data more efficiently and effectively than ever before.
catorgraphy astrolabe navigational compass aircraft APEX ;P
"Milestones" were first used by the Romans on their "vias", not Geographers.
Navigating by sight, using maps and the shape of the coastline Using handheld instruments to measure the position of the sun and stars Using the Earth's magnetic field to determine direction Tying maps to databases
Development of a toddler will vary, but there is a standard "average" progression of milestones. A list of these milestones can be obtained from your local peditrician and denote social, physical, and emotional milestones and the average time they appear in toddlers.
DefinitionDevelopmental milestones are physical or behavioral signs of development or maturation of infants and children. Rolling over, crawling, walking, and talking are considered developmental milestones and provide important information regarding the child's development. The milestones are different for each age range.See also:Developmental milestones record - 2 monthsDevelopmental milestones record - 4 monthsDevelopmental milestones record - 6 monthsDevelopmental milestones record - 9 monthsDevelopmental milestones record - 12 monthsDevelopmental milestones record - 18 monthsDevelopmental milestones record - 2 yearsDevelopmental milestones record - 3 yearsDevelopmental milestones record - 4 yearsDevelopmental milestones record - 5 years
The website http://www.child-autism-parent-cafe.com/child-development.html offers an easy to read list of developmental milestones. The site also offers a list of speech and language milestones.
One I know is the invention of the telescope
milestones in child development are the diffrent stages a child will go through whilst growing up
Growth is physical. Development can also by physical. However, typically when someone is talking about development, they are talking about learning milestones, or mental development.
milestone is the end of a stage that marks the completion of a work package or phase
James P. Barton has written: 'Milestones' -- subject(s): Child development, Development, Infants (Newborn)