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That's IP (internet Protocol), or any other similar layer-3 protocol.

That's IP (Internet Protocol), or any other similar layer-3 protocol.

That's IP (Internet Protocol), or any other similar layer-3 protocol.

That's IP (Internet Protocol), or any other similar layer-3 protocol.

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That's IP (Internet Protocol), or any other similar layer-3 protocol.

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Q: Protocol is responsible for the logical addressing of each packet created by the transport layer?
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Which protocol was PPP Created to replace?

SLIP


What is relation between service and protocol?

A protocol in general specifies a horizontal dialogue between two computing structures throughout a network, while a service describes a vertical relationship inside a device. Explanation: Usually in data networks, units are assigned an IP address so they can participate in sending and receiving messages over the guven network. Usually domain names have been created to convert the numeric IP address into an extra recognizable name. In everyday terms the term Services describes the ensuing effects of the operation of a protocol without requiring understanding of the certain specifications of the protocol itself. Relationship between services and protocols: A protocol in general specifies a horizontal dialogue between two computing structures throughout a network, while a service describes a vertical relationship inside a device


How many layers are in the OSI model?

The OSI 7 layer model descibes the theoretical levels of networking on a computer Layer 1 Physical Layer - actual network cable and connectors Layer 2 Data Link Layer - network address (MAC) and packet switching Layer 3 Network Layer - Internet Protocol (IP) - addressing and packet routing Layer 4 Transport Layer - Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) - packet sequencing & error correction Layer 5 Session Layer - Connection control for repeated send/receive (a session) Layer 6 Presentation Layer - presenting information to application in correct format LAyer 7 Application Layer - actual display/control of information, layout etc. for two computers to communicate -example chat program the following would occur user types into a chat program on computer A (7) application accepts input and decides what to do with it (6) a connection is requested to send to computer B (5) the message is broken into pieces and encpsulated within a packet (which includes the address to send to and the address from which it came) Packets are given a sequence number(4)(3) Packet sent across the network using the addressing information to determine where to go to(3)(2)(1) on Computer B the revers happens - packet is put back together - addressing information is removed and eventually displayed on the screen.


How TCPIP work?

The TCP/IP model is a description framework for computer network protocols created in the 1970s by DARPA. TCP/IP provides end-to-end connectivity specifying how data should be formatted, addressed, transmitted, routed and received at the destination. Protocols exist for a variety of different types of communication services between computers. TCP/IP has four abstraction layers 1.Application Layer (process-to-process): This is the scope within which applications create user data and communicate this data to other processes or applications on another or the same host. The communications partners are often called peers. This is where the "higher level" protocols such as SMTP, FTP, SSH, HTTP, etc. operate. 2.Transport Layer (host-to-host): The Transport Layer constitutes the networking regime between two network hosts, either on the local network or on remote networks separated by routers. The Transport Layer provides a uniform networking interface that hides the actual topology (layout) of the underlying network connections. This is where flow-control, error-correction, and connection protocols exist, such as TCP. This layer deals with opening and maintaining connections between Internet hosts. 3.Internet Layer (internetworking): The Internet Layer has the task of exchanging datagrams across network boundaries. It is therefore also referred to as the layer that establishes internetworking, indeed, it defines and establishes the Internet. This layer defines the addressing and routing structures used for the TCP/IP protocol suite. The primary protocol in this scope is the Internet Protocol, which defines IP addresses. Its function in routing is to transport datagrams to the next IP router that has the connectivity to a network closer to the final data destination. 4.Link Layer: This layer defines the networking methods within the scope of the local network link on which hosts communicate without intervening routers. This layer describes the protocols used to describe the local network topology and the interfaces needed to affect transmission of Internet Layer datagrams to next-neighbor hosts. (cf. the OSI Data Link Layer).


What is auto increment addressing?

"Auto-increment" usually refers to automatically incrementing a field in a table to the next integer. This is usually used to create a unique key value for a record. The computer automatically puts the next value in the key field as soon as the record is created, so the user doesn't need to worry about that housekeeping feature.

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