Who invented fingerprint scanner?
In 1963, Mitchell Trauring of Hughes Research Lab, published the
first paper “Automatic Comparison of Fingerprint Ridge Patterns,”
on automated personal identification. In 1975, the FBI began
funding the development of scanners and extracting technology. It
took decades to develop methods of digital file compression that
maintained image quality, classification, extraction of elements
and matching (M40 algorithm). In 1994, the Integrated Automated
Fingerprint Identification System (IAFIS) competition was held.
Lockheed Martin was selected to build the IAFIS. The system was to
address digital fingerprint acquisition, ridge characteristic
extraction and ridge characteristic pattern matching. Aside from
the development of software applications that read fingerprints or
other permanent traits, the first use of cataloguing of
fingerprints was by Juan Vucetich in 1891 in Argentina. Later,
criminal identification based on physical elements (anthropometry)
by Aphonse Bertillon, of France, improved the practice. Later, in
the mid-1800s, Francis Galton created a fingerprint classification
system. The Henry Classification system was used from the late
1800s to sort fingerprints by physiological characteristics. Named
for Sir Edward Henry, it was developed in British India with Hem
Chandra Bose and Azizul Haque.