IP address remains the same. Mac address changes from router to router.
Minimal bytes required in IPv4 header are 20 i.e. 20 bytes are mandatory. And total bytes in IPv4 header are 60.
Simplified header format. IPv6 has a fixed length header, which does not include most of the options an IPv4 header can include. Even though the IPv6 header contains two 128 bit addresses (source and destination IP address) the whole header has a fixed length of 40 bytes only. This allows for faster processing. Options are dealt with in extension headers, which are only inserted after the IPv6 header if needed. So for instance if a packet needs to be fragmented, the fragmentation header is inserted after the IPv6 header. The basic set of extension headers is defined in RFC 2460.
differentiated services
When applying IPv4 addresses to router interfaces on a network, you would manually configure predictable addresses. For example, the lowest or highest address of the local subnet, on each particular router interface.
There are a number of technologies that can provide IPv6 translation for IPv4 users, most commonly Dual Stack and 6 to 4 tunneling. DUAL STACK involves running both IPv4 and IPv6 on a single router with the router managing the implementation of either protocol as and when necessary. 6 to 4 tunneling encapsulates an IPv6 frame in and IPv4 frame for tansport over an IPv4 network either to its destination address or a network where the IPv4 frame can be discarded.
The header of an IP packet does not include fields required for reliable data delivery. There are no acknowledgments of packet delivery. There is no error control for data.
Minimal bytes required in IPv4 header are 20 i.e. 20 bytes are mandatory. And total bytes in IPv4 header are 60.
UDP is a Transport layer protocol or fourth layer protocol. UDP is a connection less protocol used in transport layer. UDP header have four fields in total .
IPv6 includes an improved option mechanism over IPv4. IPv6 options are placed in separate extension headers that are located between the IPv6 header and the transport-layer header in a packet. Most IPv6 extension headers are not examined or processed by any router along a packet's delivery path until it arrives at its final destination. This facilitates a major improvement in router performance for packets containing options
Simplified header format. IPv6 has a fixed length header, which does not include most of the options an IPv4 header can include. Even though the IPv6 header contains two 128 bit addresses (source and destination IP address) the whole header has a fixed length of 40 bytes only. This allows for faster processing. Options are dealt with in extension headers, which are only inserted after the IPv6 header if needed. So for instance if a packet needs to be fragmented, the fragmentation header is inserted after the IPv6 header. The basic set of extension headers is defined in RFC 2460.
differentiated services
Header is always a multiple of 4bytes and so we can have a maximum length of the field as 15, so maximum size of the header is 60 bytes out of which 20 bytes are mandatory.
On a Cisco router, the command to enable IP routing (for IPv4) is:ip routingTo disable it:no ip routingOn a Cisco router, the command to enable IP routing (for IPv4) is:ip routingTo disable it:no ip routingOn a Cisco router, the command to enable IP routing (for IPv4) is:ip routingTo disable it:no ip routingOn a Cisco router, the command to enable IP routing (for IPv4) is:ip routingTo disable it:no ip routing
When applying IPv4 addresses to router interfaces on a network, you would manually configure predictable addresses. For example, the lowest or highest address of the local subnet, on each particular router interface.
There are a number of technologies that can provide IPv6 translation for IPv4 users, most commonly Dual Stack and 6 to 4 tunneling. DUAL STACK involves running both IPv4 and IPv6 on a single router with the router managing the implementation of either protocol as and when necessary. 6 to 4 tunneling encapsulates an IPv6 frame in and IPv4 frame for tansport over an IPv4 network either to its destination address or a network where the IPv4 frame can be discarded.
4th longword (bytes 13-16)
destination network address