There is no such thing as a "Mac" or a "Windows" hard drive. From a technological standpoint the hard drives found in Macintosh computers and those found in computer running Windows are identical. Any hard drive with the corresponding interface (SATA, IDE in older Macs, and most SCSI drives in really old Macs) can be used in either computer. The partition table and file system used by each operating system is generally not readable by the other, but the hard drive itself can be formatted and repurposed.
Hard drives for windows and OSX vary in size and model, check or ask about your computer brand. You can also check in My Computer (for Windows) or Macintosh Disk (for Mac OSX).
Not all portable hard drives work with every laptop. Some portable hard drives are formated for specific types of laptops. For example a portable hard drive that is formated for a Mac cannot be used with a windows laptop
Yes you can have the Mac OS on one drive and Windows on another drive. Or you can partition a single hard drive and have both on the same drive.
hard disk drives (HDD) store all the data, operating systems (windows,mac etc) and all the files. HDD is the most important drive and there cannot be a PC without it.
I'm not quite sure what you mean, so I'll give you both answers: "How do you use a hard drive for Mac and Windows on the same machine?" On a mac, insert a Windows install CD or DVD, and the computer will ask you if you want to set up windows to run alongside mac. In the process you will partition the hard drive, so you will kind of have a windows hard drive, and a mac hard drive, but on the same disk. "How do you remove a Mac hard drive and put it in a Windows machine?" I am not a technical expert, so you might want to look up "How to remove and install a hard drive". All I know is it probably won't fit, so you might need to buy a hard drive enclosure and run the drive from a USB port. Hope one of these helps! If not, please revise your question
Mac laptops may likely have solid state drives (not hard drives). Those drives are 2.5" form factor and can be replaced by hard drives.
There is no version of Windows specifically created for Macs, but any recent version of Windows can be installed on a Mac with an Intel processor. Transferability of files hasn't been a problem in a long time. There are many options for transferring files, such as external hard drives or USB Flash drives, CDs, and network shares.
You can safely name external and internal hard drives whatever you want on a Mac.
Providing the Mac is a recent model with an Intel processor you could make a Mac into a Windows only machine or you could partition the hard drive and have both Mac OS X and Windows as options.
Stellar Data Recovery offers software that can recover lost, damaged, or erased data from Windows, Mac, Linux OS systems on hard drives, solid state drives, and servers.
"No. Apple mac computers use Safari, and Firefox. Firefox is the same for Windows and Mac. I think that Internet Explorer was created for computers that use Windows only."
Once the hard drive is connected to the Mac it will appear at the top right corner of the desktop and/or in Finder windows under Devices. Files can be dragged onto and off the hard drive or saved via the usual application Save dialogue from which the path to the drive can be set.