The shell is used to allow the user to interface with the operating system and run their applications. BASH is a shell, as is GNOME (Often referred to as a "graphical shell.").
The kernel, on the other hand, is the core of the operating system. It manages the hardware, resources, and processes running on the sysem.
Linux is the kernel.
Shell is the bridge between Kernel and User.
I think it was the Linux kernel. There are many used with Linux now.
Linux kernel was created in 1991.
The Linux kernel sources can be downloaded from the official Linux Kernel Archives, found at the link below.
No, it is unix-based but Linux is a kernel not an operating system.Ubuntu,Linux Mint,Debian,and puppy Linux,ect. are OS's that use the Linux kernel.
LILO is a bootloader used to load the Linux kernel from a disk and into memory.
Linux is a kernel, as such it is used to facilitate communications between applications and computer hardware.
No. "Kernel programming" is the writing of code that runs in kernel mode. It is not specific to Linux. "Linux programming" usually refers to any programming done in/for the Linux environment, and is not necessarily specific to the kernel.
Linux is the kernel. As of 8-10-12 the latest stable Linux kernel is 3.5.1.
Strictly speaking, a "shell" is simply the interface between the user and the rest of the operating system. In that definition not all shells on Linux are command lines. However, most day-to-day usage of the term "shell" does refer to command line user interfaces. Finally, "Linux shell" is not a thing. Linux is an operating system, specifically a kernel, not a shell. Most Linux distributions use BASH, but I personally prefer ZSH.
The 2.4 version of the Linux kernel was released in 2001.