The most common way to check the condition of motor windings is to use a megohm (megger for short terminology) meter. On the whole megger testing is non destructive. What happens is a DC voltage is applied to the device or winding under test. It is an insulation test to see is the insulation has been injured in any way to cause a short circuit when normal power is applied to it. On my megger there are 3 ranges 300V, 750V, and 1000 volts. Applying the proper voltage is essential to not damaging the device you are testing. Working voltages up to 240 volts should use the 300 range. Working voltages up to 600 volts use the 750 volt range and working voltages above 600 use the 1000 volt range. As you can see if you used the 1000 volt range on a device that had a working voltage of say 24 volts you could damage the insulation just by testing it. So meggering a device is non destructive if you use the tester as its instructions tell you to.
Ideally megger test is the best test used to check the resistance of motor winding.
Ohmmeter
You need a Megger tester. With one lead attached to the winding and the other attached to the motor housing, the Megger sends a high voltage through the winding. The Megger reads the resistance, letting you know if there is a short to ground.
An 'armature winding' is the rotor winding, and the 'field winding' is the stator winding.
For a step-down transformer, its secondary winding will be the LV winding. For a step-up transformer, its primary winding will be its LV winding.
To locate the shorted point in the starting winding of a motor, first, disconnect the power supply and use a multimeter to check for continuity in the winding. Measure the resistance across the winding; a significantly lower resistance indicates a short. If a short is suspected, you can also perform a visual inspection for any burnt or damaged insulation. Finally, if necessary, isolate individual turns of the winding to pinpoint the exact location of the short.
Winding: To wind the coils into the slots on the stator or rotor and connecting them up to form a winding. Re-winding. Is to remove the old winding and doing what I explained above.
In the case of a capacitor-start/run single-phase induction motor, the main field is provided by the main (running) winding, and the capacitive branch is the auxiliary winding. In the case of a capacitor-start motor, the main winding is the running winding and the auxiliary winding is the starting winding.
Single phase motor winding is often checked just by listening to the noise that the motor is making. An experienced person can tell if the motor is working at single phase or double phase.
The field winding on a generator is the winding that is electrified to create an electromagnet; it is generally the winding found on the rotor (the rotating part of the generator).
Both lap winding and wave winding are found in the use of DC generators. The main difference is as follows: lap winding is high current, low voltage, and wave winding is low current, high voltage.
Winding can be a present participle when it is used as a verb form (e.g., He is winding the clock). It can also be used as an adjective, such as in "a winding road," which describes the road as having twists and turns.