255.255.255.224 will select a network of 32 IP addresses, with the lowest reserved as the network identifier, and the highest as the broadcast address, leaving 30 usable host IP addresses.
To implement subnetting, first determine the network's requirements, including the number of subnets and hosts per subnet. Next, choose a suitable subnet mask that allows for the desired number of subnets and hosts by calculating the available bits in the IP address. Divide the IP address space into subnets based on the selected mask, ensuring that each subnet has a unique network address. Finally, configure the devices on the network to recognize the new subnets by updating their IP addresses and subnet masks accordingly.
The default subnet masks per class are: class A 255.0.0.0 class B 255.255.0.0 class C 255.255.255.0
In a Class A address, the default subnet mask is 255.0.0.0, allowing for a large number of hosts within a single network, but with 16 bits designated for the subnet ID, the subnet mask becomes 255.255.0.0. In contrast, a Class B address has a default subnet mask of 255.255.0.0, and with 8 bits for the subnet ID, the subnet mask would typically be 255.255.255.0. Thus, the key difference lies in the number of bits allocated for the subnet ID and the resulting subnet masks, affecting the number of available subnets and hosts per subnet.
32 host per 8 subnet.
The IP address 172.30.0.0 is a private IP address in the Class B range, which has a default subnet mask of 255.255.0.0 (or /16). If you use the default mask, you can create 65,536 addresses (2^16), allowing for 65,534 usable hosts per subnet (subtracting 2 for the network and broadcast addresses). If you further subnet this address, the number of subnets and hosts per subnet will depend on the subnet mask you choose. For example, using a /24 subnet mask would give you 256 subnets with 254 usable hosts in each.
There are 16 bits available; it is up to you how many of those bits you reserve for the subnet, and how many for the individual hosts within each subnet.
To calculate a subnet mask, first determine the number of subnets needed and the number of hosts per subnet. Use the formula (2^n \geq \text{number of subnets}) for subnetting and (2^h - 2 \geq \text{number of hosts}) for host calculation, where (n) is the number of bits borrowed for subnets and (h) is the number of bits left for hosts. For example, if you start with a Class C address like 192.168.1.0 and want 4 subnets, you would borrow 2 bits (since (2^2 = 4)), resulting in a subnet mask of 255.255.255.192 (or /26), which allows for 62 hosts per subnet.
255.255.248.0
that gives you 16 subnets with 14 usable IPs for hosts that is because one is for subnet and one for broadcas in that subnet for example: 192.168.1.0/28 - subnet number 192.168.1.15 -broadcast number usable IPs for hosts - IPs between them that is 14
one for broadcast i.e 256 and anthoer one is network i.e 0(zero)
255.255.255.224 would give 32 per subnet or for ex. 192.168.1.1/27 leaving 5 bits or 2-5th power =32
If you need to divide it up into the maximum number of subnets containing at least 500 hosts each, you should use a /23 subnet mask. This will provide you with 128 networks of 510 hosts each. If you used a /24 mask, you would be limited to 254 hosts. Similarly, a /22 mask would be wasteful, allowing you 1022 hosts.