Use the nice command.
For some reason i do not know, "niceness" is measured backwards from -20 (very high), to 19 (very low).
To use it just do:
/bin/nice -n
This is for LINUX systems only, I think. I am not responsible for what it might or might not do on Windows, Mac OS X or anything else!
Chillax
Yes. You can use the 'nice' command to lower the priority of a process.
The purpose of the priority level is for when a program is taking a long time to finish a job/command, you can change to a higher priority; or if a program is maxing your CPU you can lower the priority so other processes can run more proficiently.
The round-robin scheduling algorithm allocates CPU time to processes by sequentially assigning the CPU to processes of equal priority that are in the state of being able to use the CPU. (Not blocked) This works by appearing to evenly distribute the CPU amongst CPU ready processes. Processes that are waiting on something, such as an I/O event, particularly waiting on the user to press Enter, are not considered for allocation. Often, there is a priority assigned to the process, which factors in the allocation strategy. Processes that are mostly I/O intensive tend to have higher priority, giving them good response time. Processes that are mostly CPU intensive tend to have lower priority, so they don't interfere with overall system responsiveness.
Pure round robin scheduling processes A, then B, then C, then starts at A again. (A, B, C might be tasks in an operating system context, or devices in a master/slave control network, or whatever.) That is, pure round robin scheduling doesn't acknowledge priorities, and does not allow out-of-order processing. Real-life systems typically use a mixture of algorithms that, together, allow for prioritized and out-of-order processing while, on the other hand, trying to prevent starvation of lower priority items.
Pure round robin scheduling processes A, then B, then C, then starts at A again. (A, B, C might be tasks in an operating system context, or devices in a master/slave control network, or whatever.) That is, pure round robin scheduling doesn't acknowledge priorities, and does not allow out-of-order processing. Real-life systems typically use a mixture of algorithms that, together, allow for prioritized and out-of-order processing while, on the other hand, trying to prevent starvation of lower priority items.
A real-time example of a heap is the priority queue used in operating systems for task scheduling. In this context, the heap data structure allows the OS to efficiently manage processes by prioritizing tasks based on their urgency or importance. For instance, high-priority tasks can be executed before lower-priority ones, ensuring that critical applications receive the necessary CPU time promptly. This efficient organization of tasks helps improve system responsiveness and performance.
Swapping is the one of the efficient regular and authentic approach of memory management. It is the process of swapping of higher priorrity process on the lower priority process. Advantages of swapping are as follows :- 1. higher degree of multiprogramming. 2. dynamic relocation. 3. greater memory utilization. 4. priority based scheduling. 5. less wastage of CPU time. 6. higher performance.
A priority queue is a collection of elements that each element has been assigned a priority and such that order in which elements are deleted and processed comes from the following riles: 1) An element of higher priority is processed before any element of lower priority. 2) Two element with the same priority are processed according to the order in which they were added to the queue.
Starvation: Starvation is a resource management problem where a process does not get the resources it needs for a long time because the resources are being allocated to other processes. [UPDATE]: Starvation generally occurs in a Priority based scheduling System. Where High Priority (Lower Number = Higher Priority) requests get processed first. Thus a request with least priority may never be processed. Aging - is the technique to overcome this issue in a system.
Disadvantage:§ Very important jobs wait in line.§ Largest job take enough time for completion.§ Setting the quantum too short causes too many context switches and lower the CPU efficiency.§ Setting the quantum too long may cause poor response time and approximates FCFS.
After certain time if we increase the priority then lower priority jobs will get chance fast.this process is called aging.it is used for multilevel feedback queue.