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Information Retrieval (IR) refers to the human-computer interaction (HCI) that happens when we use a machine to search a body of information for information objects (content) that match our search query. Depending on the programmed sophistication of the machine, a person's query is matched against a set of documents to find a subset of 'relevant' documents.

The programmed sophistication of the machine determines its efficiency in extraction or pulling out of 'relevant' content from large volumes of texts. For example, the machine's natural language processing, i.e. it's ability to 'understand' a person's information retrieval process, entails information extraction (IE). IE refers to the machine's ability to automatically extract structured information. IE of structured information relies on this basic content management principle: "Content must be in context to have value". Contextualised content is ontologically categorized and semantically well-defined data.

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