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There are two types of communications. connection oriented where there is direct line of communication between the sender and the receiver like a telephone n/w. The other is the connectionless communication. This is how most of the internet is arranged. The sender sends the packet to the destination and the packet must find it's way through the network. Routers are intermediate nodes the packet must pass through to reach it's destination. These nodes can be pc's, servers etc. Routers have to check whether the packet they just received is meant for them or for someone else. If it is for someone else then they run special algorithms called routing algos which compute which will be the shortest path for the packet to reach it's destination, and then they they send the packet in that direction. There can be several other functionalities that one can load into a router eg. firewall settings for application level or circuit level gateway etc.

The term "router" refers to either a woodworking tool or a computer networking device. In carpentry, a router is used to hollow out a section of wood whilst in computing, a router connects two, or more computer networks together.

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