There is no the Linux bootloader. There are dozens of bootloader for Linux across multiple platforms. LILO, GRUB, ELILO, SYSLINUX, ISOLINUX, EXTLINUX, Das U-Boot, yaboot, SILO, Cromwell, EMILE, redboot, quik, Loadlin, Penguin, MILO, aboot, Palo, etc... are all examples of bootloaders used to boot Linux.
You can make it the default option in the bootloader. Or you could reinstall the Windows bootloader, but it will not allow you to boot Linux without modification.
LILO is a bootloader used to load the Linux kernel from a disk and into memory.
In the boot parameters of your bootloader, you specify it with the text root=/path/to/device or a unique UUID name.
You can, absolutely. Linux's bootloader is, in fact, designed for multi-boot.
LILO? It stands for LInux LOader, is the bootloader for Linux. It allows you to select which installed operating system you want to load.
Yes you can. Ubuntu's WUBI uses the Windows bootloader (NTLDR) to boot Linux. It also uses the Windows filesystem (NTFS). This, however, is not the traditional way to do things. The traditional way to dual-boot Linux and Windows is to use a generic bootloader such as Grub to boot both Windows and Linux.
U-Boot is not actually part of Linux; it is a separate project. It is a bootloader, much like GRUB, often used in embedded devices.
By configuring the bootloader to use Windows as the default menu option instead of Linux. Refer to documentation on how to do this.
Yes, it's called dual-boot. Be sure to have Windows installed first so your Linux installer might be able to pick it up and put it in the bootloader, not to mention to keep GRUB from getting overwritten by a monopolistic bootloader by Windows.
Yes, you can. But no in the same logical partition. But it's not easy, because you will have to edit boot.ini file manually which is not trivial. It's better to install Xp and then Linux.
GRUB is the bootloader for Linux operating systems. The bootloader is the section of code on the hard disk drive that is called and executed at bootup. It will load the operating system components and programs and start the operating system.
Of course you can. The de facto standard bootloader, GRUB, is the reference implementation of the multi-boot specification.