Today, it is Cat5 that is commonly used, with RJ45 male ends.
VGA cable
100 meters or 328 feet
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Only two computers, can be connected to a crossover cable, although three can be supported as well, if one has two or more Network Cards (NIC Cards) installed in one workstation. this kind of Network is Known as Peer-to-Peer.
The maximum distance of 100BaseT, also known as Fast Ethernet, is 100 meters using twisted-pair cable. Beyond this distance, signal degradation can occur, affecting network performance.
100 meters or 328 feet unless a repeater (such as a switch or a router) is placed inline.
A symptom of a damaged patch cable between a workstation and the wall jack on a UTP network may include intermittent connectivity issues, such as the workstation frequently losing connection to the network or slow data transfer rates. Users might also experience difficulty accessing network resources or face repeated disconnections. Additionally, the network interface card on the workstation may display error messages or a limited connectivity status.
Lan Card provides a port for a network cable to connect the pc to a network.. LAN : Local area network or Ethernet Card and Network Card
longest i have seen in a store was 100ft but if you need longer get a roll of Ethernet cable and 3 ends for it then make your own length of cable.
bus network
The answes is no. As in a star topology network all the Workstations are connected to every other workstation in the network. If there are 'n' workstations then each must have 'n-1' links. Hence if a link or a workstation stops functioning then the network won't get disabled. Only that link or workstation will stop functioning and rest of the netword will continue in normal order.