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Is it true that the only two layers of the osi reference model that do not have individual protocols associated with them are the transport layer and the session layer?
False.
Are network functions only associated with one layer of the OSI model?
No, At each layer, protocols perform servers unique to that layer. While performing those services, the protocols also interact with protocols in the layers directly above and below. In addition, at the top of the OSI model, Application layer protocols interact with the software you use. At the bottom, Phsyical layer services act on the networking cables and connectors to issue and receive signals.
Discuss role of protocols at different layers of the OSI model?
Protocols at each of the OSI layers govern how they are to talk to each other. Each layer of the OSI model has different responsibilities and they may have multiple protocols that they could use. The sender and receiver in networks must agree on a common ground for communication, which is the protocol. Depending on what you are trying to accomplish there are different protocols at different layers of the OSI model. Basically, you need the two systems to agree on how to do that. That is the role of a protocol.
When transferring a file using FTP what is the order of protocols from the upper layers of the TCP IP model to the lowest layers?
FTP uses TCP, which uses IP
At which OSI model layers do the application layer or upper layer protocols operate?
Application Presentation Session
When connectionless protocols are implemented at the lower layers of the OSI model what are usually used to acknowledge the data receipt and request the retransmission of missing data?
upper-layer connection-oriented protocols
When connectionless protocols are implemented at the lower layers of the OSI model?
an upper-layer, connection-oriented protocol or service
How do the layers interact with each other?
The layers of a system, whether in geology, biology, or technology, interact through processes such as feedback loops, exchanges of energy, and material transfer. For instance, in geological layers, sedimentation can influence erosion rates, while in ecosystems, changes in one species can affect the entire food web. In technology, software and hardware layers communicate through APIs and protocols to ensure seamless functionality. These interactions can lead to complex behaviors and emergent properties that are often not predictable from the individual layers alone.
Design issues of layers in computer network?
design issues of layers are basically dealing with protocols and designing for efficiency.also differentiating between interfaces ,services and protocols is essential.in layered architecture function of each layer should be defined.
How many layers are present in ATM reference model?
4 layers are present in ATM reference modal 1.physical layer 2.ATM layer 3. ATM adaptation layer 4. higher layer
List two ways in which the OSI Reference Model and TCPIP Model are the same. Now list two ways in which they differ.?
Both the OSI Reference Model and the TCP/IP Model are layered architectures that facilitate network communication by organizing functions into distinct layers, enabling interoperability between diverse systems. They both aim to standardize networking protocols to ensure effective data transmission across networks. However, they differ in structure: the OSI Model has seven layers (Application, Presentation, Session, Transport, Network, Data Link, and Physical), while the TCP/IP Model has four layers (Application, Transport, Internet, and Network Access). Additionally, the TCP/IP Model was developed based on practical implementation and widely used protocols, whereas the OSI Model was created as a theoretical framework.
What layer of the OSI model is most significant?
The OSI model represents a simple framework for discussing network protocols and therefor has no most significant portion. Lower level protocols like TCP/IP span several layers while Frame Relay and MPLS fit neatly in to a single layer. Higher level protocols like DNS and DHCP can be transport independent and don't necessarily require any of the lower layers to function.
