For safety, to reduce electrical interference and to aid efficient cooling.
The main device is the circuit-breaker, which is set to trip and cut off the supply if the current exceeds a preset amount. On low-power supplies up to about 100 amps thermal fuses can also be used, a piece of thin wire enclosed in a fireproof container. When the current exceeds the rated amount, the wire melts and this cuts of the supply. Obviously fuses are not as accurate as circuit breakers but they are cheaper.
Since you are constantly running from the enclosed battery (which is always being charged when plugged in) your computer is never exposed to power fluctuations coming from electrical source.
The only fuse located in a computer is the one in the power supply. It can be very dangerous to open a power supply without proper training. If you do not have the requisite training to repair a power supply, please do not attempt to open it. Your life isn't worth losing over a $50 hunk of metal and wires.
Metal-Clad Switchgear is an assembly of units characterized by the following features: The main interrupting device is removable and arranged with a mechanism for moving it physically between connected and disconnected positions. It is equipped with self-aligning and self-coupling primary and secondary disconnecting devices. The interrupting devices, buses, voltage transformers, and control power transformers, are completely enclosed by grounded metal barriers, which have no intentional openings between compartments. A metal barrier in front of the interrupting device ensures that when, in the connecting position, no live parts are exposed by the opening of an enclosure door. All live parts are enclosed within grounded metal compartments. The Metal enclosed switchgear assembly consists of multiple metal-enclosed, vertical sections. Normally the end sections are designed to allow for installation of future sections. Each vertical section consists of up to four individually enclosed breaker or auxiliary compartments. Compartments are sized to provide uniform height of each switchgear assembly. Various components such as circuit breakers, instrumentation and control equipment, transformers, relays, three-phase bus work, all internal wiring, connectors, and other supporting equipment are included in each assembly. These units can be directly coupled to 480V motor control centers if desired
Sometimes when people buy a computer power supply unit (PSU), there are several components in the box: a AC power cable to connect the power supply to the wall mains outlet, the power supply itself (PSU) that converts mains power into more useful forms of power, and one or more DC power cables that connect the power supply to the motherboard and other parts of the computer. (On a modular power supply unit, those cables can be detached from the PSU). A computer power supply is in a metal box that is difficult to open, so most people treat a computer power supply (PSU) as a single indivisible component. Inside a computer power supply is a transformer to help convert mains power into more useful forms of power, power diodes and power transistors typically mounted to a heat sink, and other components to help the conversion or to filter the power to meet EMC requirements, and often a fan to blow air on the heat sink to keep the transistors from overheating.
UPS = Uninterruptible Power Supply
Coil and core, and you'll need a power supply to activate it.
An AC Adapters are a type of external power supply which is often enclosed in a case. AC Adapters are used within electrical devices that require power but do not contain internal components to derive the required voltage and power from the mains.
Sometimes when people buy a computer power supply unit (PSU), there are several components in the box: a AC power cable to connect the power supply to the wall mains outlet, the power supply itself (PSU) that converts mains power into more useful forms of power, and one or more DC power cables that connect the power supply to the motherboard and other parts of the computer. (On a modular power supply unit, those cables can be detached from the PSU). A computer power supply is in a metal box that is difficult to open, so most people treat a computer power supply (PSU) as a single indivisible component. Inside a computer power supply is a transformer to help convert mains power into more useful forms of power, power diodes and power transistors typically mounted to a heat sink, and other components to help the conversion or to filter the power to meet EMC requirements, and often a fan to blow air on the heat sink to keep the transistors from overheating.
power supply is a device that supplies electric power to electrical load
all about regulated power supply
Advantage of regulated power supply.