a form of coercion and can be considered a manipulative tactic. It undermines the autonomy and free will of the individual by using fear or intimidation to influence their decision-making process. It does not promote genuine understanding or cooperation.
Punishers are consequences that decrease the likelihood of a behavior occurring again in the future. They involve introducing an unpleasant stimulus or removing a pleasant one in response to a behavior, with the intention of reducing the likelihood of that behavior happening again.
Victimology helps in understanding the impact of crime on individuals and society, including physical, emotional, and financial consequences. It also plays a crucial role in shaping victim support services and policies aimed at preventing and addressing victimization. By focusing on victims' needs and experiences, victimology contributes to improving the criminal justice system's response to victims.
In "classical" or "respondent" conditioning (as observed by Pavlov), a "conditioned response" (CR) is learned when a "conditioned stimulus" (CS) is presented before and/or during the presence of an "unconditioned stimulus" (UCS). The CR is similar to the "unconditioned response" (UCR) in that the same physiological effectors are recruited to respond. For example, when Pavlov rang a bell (CS) before introducing meat powder (UCS) in a dog's mouth, the salivation (UCR) that normally begins the dog's digestion processes came under the control of the bell. This learned salivation in response to the bell (no longer involving digestion at all) is the conditioned response (CR). Both the UCR and the CR involve the salivary glands. Interestingly, the UCR of salivation produces saliva that is chemically distinct from that of the CR of salivation.
CRFS stands for "Cortical Response Frequency Shift", which is a phenomenon observed in neuroscience relating to changes in the frequency response of cortical neurons in the brain.
Conformity is the mode of adaptation in Merton's strain theory that is not considered a deviant response. In this mode, individuals accept both cultural goals and institutionalized means of achieving them.
a complex and usually unpleasant emotional response to isolation.
Punishers are consequences that decrease the likelihood of a behavior occurring again in the future. They involve introducing an unpleasant stimulus or removing a pleasant one in response to a behavior, with the intention of reducing the likelihood of that behavior happening again.
Imposing sanctions on the Soviet Union.
An unpleasant sound for humans could be fingernails on a chalkboard, a loud screeching noise, or a baby crying. These sounds can trigger a physical and emotional response that is discomforting to most people.
learning in which punishment or other unpleasant stimulation is used to reduce the frequency of an undesirable response
An all volunteer military
Any stimulus that, when presented after a response, strengthens that response is called a reinforcer. Reinforcers can be positive, such as rewards or praise, which increase the likelihood of the behavior being repeated, or negative, where the removal of an unpleasant stimulus also strengthens the behavior.
Nothing really, this is a reflex response and your brain is made aware of it.
Extinction is the behavioral state reached when the stimulus no longer elicits a response due to repeated presentation without reinforcement. It involves the weakening and eventual disappearance of the conditioned response learned during the conditioning process.
In slang, "uft" is typically used to express disgust or disapproval. It is often used as a response to something unpleasant or unappealing.
Achilles' response to various situations in "The Iliad" varies, but a key moment is his reaction to Agamemnon's demand for Briseis. He feels deeply insulted and withdraws from battle, refusing to fight for the Greeks. His response highlights themes of pride, honor, and the consequences of personal conflict within the broader context of war. Eventually, his anger leads to significant consequences for both himself and the Achaean forces.
incorrect