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During the Age of Exploration, notable Spanish explorers included Christopher Columbus, who is credited with the discovery of the Americas in 1492, and Hernán Cortés, known for the conquest of the Aztec Empire. On the Portuguese side, key figures included Vasco da Gama, who was the first to reach India by sea, and Ferdinand Magellan, who led the first expedition to circumnavigate the globe, although he died during the journey. These explorers played crucial roles in expanding their nations' empires and establishing new trade routes.

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