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The Moors were a group of Muslim populations of North African origin, primarily Berbers and Arabs, who invaded and settled in the Iberian Peninsula (modern-day Spain and Portugal) from the 8th to the 15th centuries. The term "Moor" is believed to derive from the Latin word "Maurus," which referred to the inhabitants of the ancient Roman province of Mauretania in North Africa. Over time, it became a broader label used by Europeans to describe Muslims in the region, particularly during the Reconquista, the Christian efforts to reclaim Iberian territories from Muslim rule. The Moors significantly influenced the culture, architecture, and science of medieval Spain.

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