Dumbledore's hand turns black, shrivels up, and "dies" because Snape "trapped the curse in one hand for time being." The curse was from Marvolo Gaunt's ring. (Look on pg 681 in the 7th Harry Potter book.)
Harry Potter and the Half blood prince - the 6th book
knock
with the magic of dumbledores testicles
Wand coloured.
In the Room of Requirement.
WHERE? IF you mean what is his patronus, I think it's a phoenix
Phoenix's feather - It is feather from Dumbledores phoenix Fawkes.
The order of the Pheonix
If you are referring to the book: Harry reads an article about Dumbledore written by Elphias Doge; Dumbledores old friend. It explains a lot about Dumbledores childhood. After that harry reads another article about Dumbledore written by Rita Skeeter. This article explains more detail about Dumbledores childhood too.
That's classified information.
Deluminator or put-outer which was given to him in dumbledores will
Dumbledore's pet phoenix is named Fawkes.