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In February 1903, probably weakened by exile and feeling that he would die on foreign soil, Mabini decided - with a heavy heart - to take the oath of allegiance to the United States - a condition for his return to the Philippines.

Upon returning to the Philippines, he resumed his work of agitating for independence even as he had sworn allegiance to the American flag - proving that the oath he took was merely pro forma.

A cholera epidemic struck Manila in May of that year. Mabini, who was then residing in Nagtahan, was hit by the disease, and in the evening of May 13 he passed away. He was 10 days and two months short of his 39th birthday.

Mabini left behind an unpublished book, La Revolucion Filipina, which blamed the failure of the 1896 Philippine Revolution on Aguinaldo and condemned him for instigating the execution of Bonifacio and the murder of Gen. Antonio Luna. (General Luna, like Mabini, stood for independence and rejected autonomy.) His friends published the book for him.

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12y ago

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