Vitamins
Functions
Paraamino
benzoic acid
Precursor of folic acid
Folic acid (B9)
Methyl group transfer
Biotin (B7)
Fatty acid biosynthesis, beta decarboxylation, carbon dioxide fixation
Cobalamine (B12)
Reduction of and transfer of single carbon fragments, synthesis of deoxyribose
Lipoic Acid
Transfer of acyl group in decarboxylation of pyruate and alpha keto glutarate
Nicotinic acid
Precursor of NAD+, e transfer in O/R reaction
Pantothenic acid (B5)
Precursor of Co enzyme A: activation of acetyl and acyl group
Riboflavin (B2)
Precursor of FMN, FAD, in flavoprotein in ETC
Thiamine (B1)
Alpha decarboxylation of amino acid
Vitamin B6
Keto acid transformation
Vitamin K
Electron transport, synthesis of sphingo lipids
microbial growth is the multiplying by dividing of micro-organisms such as bacteria, algae, fungi etc.
Both acidity and alkalinity can inhibit microbial growth. Acid is often used in food as a preservative to prevent microbial growth.
In FY BSc Biotechnology, important notes on microbiology would include studying microbial cell structure, metabolism, genetics, and classification. Understanding microbial growth conditions, control of microbial growth, and their applications in biotechnology is crucial. Knowledge of important microbial processes like fermentation, antibiotic production, and genetic engineering techniques is also essential. Additionally, learning about microbial diversity and their roles in environmental and industrial processes is important.
Measuring microbial growth is important because it helps monitor the progress of experiments, assess the efficacy of antimicrobial agents, ensure food safety, and understand the dynamics of microbial populations in various environments. By quantifying microbial growth, researchers can make informed decisions and take necessary actions to control or manipulate microbial populations.
Allen I. Laskin has written: 'Advances in Applied Microbiology' 'Growth and metabolism' -- subject(s): Microbial growth, Microbial metabolism 'Nucleic acid biosynthesis' -- subject(s): Nucleic acids, Synthesis 'Microbial metabolism, genetics, and immunology' -- subject(s): Immunology, Microbial genetics, Microbial metabolism 'Microbial products' -- subject(s): Microbial products, Tables
Filtration removes microorganisms from the air or liquid, reducing the microbial population and limiting their ability to grow. Low temperatures slow down microbial metabolism, inhibiting their growth and reproduction. Desiccation removes water from the environment, which is essential for microbial survival and growth, leading to their inactivation.
A cell
some vitamins are act as cofactors or coenzymes esssntial for growth of enzymes
Microbial growth slows down and eventually stops as the available nutrients start to become depleted, waste products accumulate, and competition for resources increases. Additionally, changes in environmental conditions such as pH, temperature, or oxygen levels can also impact microbial growth and lead to a decrease or cessation of growth.
The theory of microbial is a branch of microbiology that focuses on the study of microorganisms, their functions, interactions, and roles in various environments. It encompasses the principles and mechanisms that govern the growth, metabolism, diversity, and activities of microbes in their habitats. This theory helps to better understand the impact of microorganisms on health, ecosystems, and biotechnological applications.
They are not considered vitamins because they are essential organic substances that the body requires in tiny amounts for normal growth and activity and these substances are Trace elements. Although Trace Elements are essential, these particular ones are required for plant growth, not human.
Antimicrobial agent.