pressure on the heart caused by fluid in the pericardial space
Perncious anemia is caused by the body's inability to absorb the vitamin B12 from the gastrointestinal tract, due to a loss of gastric parietal cells. Regular B12 supplementation can keep pernicious anemia at bay, though it is not a complete cure. B12 is a vitamin obtained from meat and dairy products.
first of all its called vitamin b12 deficiency anemia. Pernicious anemia and vitamin B12 deficiency anemia are the same thing. Pernicious anemia is caused by a lack of vitamin B12. You're not able to absorb the vitamin B12 due to the absence of intrinsinc factor.
Folate and folic acid are both forms of B9. Folate occurs naturally in fresh foods, whereas folic acid is the synthetic form found in supplements. Our body needs folate to produce red blood cells, as well as components of the nervous system. It helps in the formation and creation of DNA and maintaining normal brain function, and is a critical part of spinal fluid Vitamin B12 helps in the formation of red blood cells and in the maintenance of the central nervous system. Vitamin B12 is the one vitamin that is available only from fish, poultry, meat or dairy sources in food.
The inability to absorb digested nutrients may be due to damage of the microvilli of the small intestine epithelial cells, which are responsible for absorbing nutrients. Damage to the microvilli can lead to conditions such as celiac disease or tropical sprue.
vitamin D
ultraviolet, vitamin D
Antioxidant vesicles, such as liposomes or exosomes, can absorb and neutralize free radicals by donating electrons to stabilize them. These vesicles contain antioxidants like vitamin C, vitamin E, or glutathione that help protect cells from oxidative damage caused by free radicals.
Inability to absorb digested nutrients could indicate a disorder in the small intestine, particularly in the cells lining the intestinal walls responsible for nutrient absorption. Difficulty in secreting mucus might signal a disorder in the mucosal lining of various organs such as the digestive tract or respiratory system.
Vitamin C helps in the absorption of iron in the body by enhancing the body's ability to absorb non-heme iron, the type of iron found in plant-based foods. Vitamin C forms a compound with iron, making it easier for the body to absorb and utilize the iron for various functions, such as the production of red blood cells.
Vitamin D helps bone cells (osteoblasts and osteoclasts) absorb and utilize minerals like calcium and phosphorus for bone health and mineralization. It helps regulate the balance of these minerals in the body, supporting bone formation and strength.
They are made in the bone marrow, but B cells mature in the spleen and T cells mature in the thymus.
the b12 intrinsic factor produced by the parietal cells in the stomach (parietal cells also produce HCL, the acid that dissolves food and converts pesinogen (secreted by the chief cells). B12 is necessary for carbohydrate, protein and fat to be used by the boy but most importantly b12 is necessary for all cells in the body (especially red blood cells) to work properly; if deficient in the body the person may develop pernicious anemia (due to the excessive destruction of immature blood cells or the lack of their production due to a lack of vitamin b12) as well as other problems such as problems with the nervous system sue to the fact that b12 is used to cover nerve cells thus the lack of vitamin b12 can also get to the brain and in kill the person. The intrinsic factor secreted by the stomach's parietal cells is used to absorb vitamin b12 as the body cannot absorb it on its own. As a result the intrinsic factor is essential for life as there will be vitamin vb12 deficiency if there is no intrinsic factor to help the boy absorb it. Another important fact is that vitamin b12 is absorbed( with the help of the intrinsic factor) by cubulin receptors in the ileum of the small intestine.