That was done in order to avoid splitting any single country, island group, or state
into two different calendar dates.
If the IDL had followed the 180° meridian exactly, one of the island groups that would
have been affected is the Aleutian chain. Had the line not jogged, then the state of
Alaska, and therefore the USA, would have always had two different calendar dates
going on within its borders.
The International Date Line roughly follows the 180th meridian.
The 180th meridian is also known as the International Date Line. This imaginary line determines the change in calendar date when crossing it from east to west.
The 180th meridian is where the International Date Line is located.
The Prime Meridian and its opposite the 180th meridian (at 180° longitude), which the International Date Line.
The 180th meridian is also called the International Date Line because that is where the day changes from one day to the next. Keep in mind that the date change does not follow exactly the 180th meridian and moves slightly east or west as necessary to accommodate the desires of the various countries that lie along it.
This line is known as the antimeridian or simply the 180th meridian. The international date line is sometimes used although it is not entirely correct. The international date line is a "political" convention and sometimes deviates signifigantly from the actual 180 degree longitude
The meridian exactly halfway around the world from the prime meridian is called the 180th meridian or the antimeridian. This line represents the opposite side of the Earth from the prime meridian and is where the International Date Line is located.
The International Date Line combined with the Prime Meridian makes a complete circle around the Earth. The Prime Meridian is at 0 degrees longitude, and the International Date Line is opposite it at 180 degrees longitude.
The 180th meridian or antimeridian is used as the basis for the International Date Line because it for the most part passes through the open waters of the Pacific Ocean separating the east and west hemispheres.
They are separated by imaginary lines called the Prime Meridian and the 180th Meridian (the International Date Line approximately follows this meridian). Since only a small part of Europe is west of the Prime Meridian and even less of Asia is east of the 180th, they are effectively divided by the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.
The International Date Line or axis
No, the prime meridian (0 degrees longitude) defines the dividing line between the Eastern and Western Hemispheres. The 180th meridian (opposite of the prime meridian) is the International Date Line, which primarily serves as the line where one day ends and another begins.