osmotic and hydrostatic forces
Fluid leaves the capillary at the arterial end primarily due to the hydrostatic pressure exerted by the blood, which forces plasma and small solutes out into the surrounding tissues. As blood moves through the capillary, the pressure decreases, and osmotic pressure, driven by proteins in the blood, becomes more significant. This osmotic pressure pulls fluid back into the capillary at the venous end, balancing fluid exchange and maintaining homeostasis in the tissues.
The adhesive intermolecular forces between the substance rising (the one experiencing capillary action) and the container (typically a capillary).
The liquid rises up due to the forces of adhesion between the capillary and liquid.. It rises till the extent when adhesive and cohesive forces and external forces balance each other...
Osmotic pressure is what draws fluid back into the capillary from the tissues.
If the shape of the meniscus is concave up then the cohesive forces are weaker than the adhesive forces. If the shape of the menicus is concave down then the adhesive forces are weaker than the cohesive forces. So capillary rise is where adhesive forces are stronger.
capillary action
Mercury falls in a capillary tube due to the combination of capillary action and gravity. Capillary action is the tendency of a liquid to be drawn up into a narrow tube against the force of gravity. When the adhesive forces between the mercury and the walls of the capillary tube are greater than the cohesive forces within the mercury, the mercury will move downward in the tube.
surface tension is a product of cohesive forces (eg. water to water forces in a bubble) whereas capillary actionis a product of adhesive forces (eg. water climbing up a thin glass tube)
Liquid rises in a capillary tube due to capillary action, which is the result of adhesive and cohesive forces between the liquid and the tube. Adhesive forces between the liquid and the tube's surface cause the liquid to be attracted to the tube, while cohesive forces within the liquid molecules help pull the liquid up the tube against gravity.
Capillary Hydrostatic Pressure
Capillary action and gravity.
The capillary action allows water to climb up sides of a straw due to adhesive forces.