In most instances, sodium hydroxide is sufficiently close in chemical properties to potassium hydroxide to make each one a substitute for the other. There are some exceptions, however, and more details about the "activation process" under consideration would be needed to give a more detailed answer.
There is not a lot of difference. They are both powerful bases but potassium hydroxide is more expensive. Sodium hydroxide is manufacture by electrolysis of seawater. Potassium Hydroxide just does not have a cheap source of raw material as seawater!
This process requires three potassium ions.
No. as rust is caused by the oxidation process of: O2+2H2O+4e = 4OH in sodium hydroxide the hydroxide is already present making it harder to form and therefore making rust harder to form. Sodium hydroxide is a rust inhibitor.
Sodium hydroxide is obtained from salt, yes. The manufacture of this strong base is accomplished mainly from what is termed the chloralkali process. This is the electrolysis of a salt solution which produces sodium hydroxide and also chlorine and hydrogen gas. It is an industrial process that is important to the chemical industry. A link follows.
It is because unlike sodium carbonate potassium carbonate is fairly soluble in water and it does not forms precipitate.
There is not a lot of difference. They are both powerful bases but potassium hydroxide is more expensive. Sodium hydroxide is manufacture by electrolysis of seawater. Potassium Hydroxide just does not have a cheap source of raw material as seawater!
Potassium is soluble in water but not in organic solvents.
In the fabrication process of soap potassium hydroxide is used.
Sodium carbonate can be made by the Solvay process from brine (sodium chloride) and limestone (calcium carbonate). In the US there are large deposits of a mineral called Trona which is sodium bicarbonate carbonate, and it is obtained from that. Potassium carbonate is made by electrolysis of potassium chloride which is found as mineral Sylvite, which gives potassium hydroxide which is then carbonated with CO2. See wikipedia entries for Solvay Process, Trona, and Potassium Carbonate
activation polarization is a polarization due to charge transfer kinetics of the electrochemical process involved.
Basically soaps are made by saponification of triglycerides, that is oils. In the process sodium or potassium salts of the fatty acid tail of oil, form, which have alkaline nature, being salts of strong base and weak acids
Neutralization process is a type of chemical process in which a base(usually an alkali which is a soluble base) reacts with an acid to produce salt and water only. Example: a reaction between KOH and HCL. HCL + KOH ----> KCL + H20.
catalyst will generally reduce the activation energy
It's probably going to be cheaper, easier, and a heck of a lot less messy to just go to the drugstore and buy it, but if you're really insistent on looking for a process you could theoretically do at home, the historic method was extraction from animal feces (yes, really). Hypothetically you could make it from nitric acid and potassium hydroxide, but if you can't find a place to buy potassium nitrate your chances of getting your hands on either of those are pretty low.
catalysis
Autoxidation?
By the activation Energy.