How cementation and compaction aide in the formation of sedimentary?

Answer 1

Sedimentary rocks are lithified sediments, the origin of which may be from igneous, metamorphic, or other sedimentary rock, and in some cases chemical solutions or organic matter. Erosion and weathering of rock creates a range of rock particles from boulder sized to microscopic. These particles are transported by wind, water or landslide to a point of deposition or resting place. If these particles continue to be covered with additional layers of particles, the compression or compaction from the weight above, will, in time remove most of the water from the sediments. As the water is removed, cementing minerals, such as calcite or quartz, solidify from the remaining solution and fill in the gaps between the particles. The result is a lithified sediment, better known as sedimentary rock.

Answer 2

Cementation is the process of minerals, like calcite or silica, binding sediment particles together, forming a rock. Compaction is the result of overlying sediment weight pressing down on lower layers, squeezing out water and air. Together, cementation and compaction transform loose sediment into solid sedimentary rocks like sandstone or shale.