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Mantle plumes - areas of unusually hot rock that can punch through the Earth's crust to create volcanoes like the Hawaiian island. Not only do they form land, which humans can live on, they create hazards like volcanoes (Hawaii itself is a volcano) and even super volcanoes such as Yellowstone, which allegedly has the potential to wipe out large areas of life on the globe. The affects of hotspots are all of those associated with volcanic activity without the fault-line processes linked with tsunamis and earthquakes.

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How does heat in the Earth's mantle relate to hotspots and geysers?

Heat in the Earth's mantle is a driving force behind hotspots and geysers. Hotspots are areas where magma plumes rise from the mantle, creating volcanic activity at the surface. Geysers are hot springs that erupt periodic jets of water and steam due to the heating of groundwater by magma and heat from the mantle. Both hotspots and geysers stem from the heat within the Earth's mantle that affects the surface geology.


Do humans affect mountains?

Yes, humans do affect mountains by leaving litter in the mountains and building ski resorts near to the top.


What is one consequence of erosion that can affect humans?

One consequence of erosion that can affect humans is the loss of fertile soil for agriculture. Erosion can lead to the removal of topsoil, which is essential for growing crops, resulting in decreased productivity and food insecurity.


How do humans affect tropical rainforests?

Humans affect tropical rainforests through deforestation, primarily for agriculture, logging, and urban development. This leads to loss of biodiversity, disruption of ecosystems, and climate change. Additionally, pollution from industry and waste disposal can further impact these fragile ecosystems.


Do stratovolcanoes form on a hotspot?

Yes, stratovolcanoes can form on hotspots. Hotspots are areas where magma from deep within the Earth rises to the surface, creating volcanic activity. Stratovolcanoes are typically formed by layers of hardened lava, ash, and other volcanic debris accumulating over time.