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Actually, the percentage of oxygen in air does not decrease in high altitudes. What does decrease is the pressure of the air. So when breathing in at higher altitudes, the lower pressure causes less air to rush into the lungs as each breath is taken. At sea level, air contains about 21% oxygen. At 18,000 feet elevation, air still contains about 21% oxygen; there is just less air!

People (and animals, for that matter) adapt over a period of many years to a high-altitude environment. Their bodies become more efficient at obtaining and using oxygen.

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Q: How do people who live in high altitute places such as mountains get enough oxygen?
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