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Standard measures of economic growth do not adequately reflect changes in aggregate welfare over time. Sustainable national income is therefore defined as Net National Product with adjustments for the degradation of renewable and non-renewable capital. Productivity loss rather than replacement cost is the most theoretically correct way to value resource depletion. Modified net product is estimated for the agriculture and forestry sectors of Zimbabwe by valuing the loss of forest stock and soil erosion. The results show that traditional measures overstate the value of the agricultural sector's product by approximately 10% in 1989. It is argued that indicators of sustainable national income do not ensure sustainable development; as with all macroeconomic indicators, they do not account for distributional and equity issues which are at the crux of sustainable development, nor do they point to mechanisms that would ensure sustainable resource management. Rising sustainable income over time is therefore a necessary but not sufficient condition for the achievement of sustainable development
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How does mining affect the Appalachian Plateau?
Mining in the Appalachian Plateau can lead to deforestation, habitat destruction, water pollution, and soil degradation. It can also negatively impact local communities by disrupting their way of life and increasing the risk of environmental hazards like landslides and floods. Additionally, mining operations can contribute to air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions, further exacerbating environmental concerns in the region.
How does run-off and how does it affect accumulation and groundwater?
Run-off is the flow of water over the land surface into streams, rivers, and lakes. It can affect accumulation by carrying sediments and pollutants into bodies of water, potentially leading to environmental degradation. Run-off can also impact groundwater by recharging aquifers when excessive water infiltrates into the ground, or by contributing to contamination when polluted run-off seeps into the groundwater.
What are environmental factors that affect brine shrimp hatching?
Environmental factors that affect brine shrimp hatching include temperature, salinity, and oxygen levels. Brine shrimp typically hatch in temperatures around 25-30°C, salinities between 20-30 ppt, and with adequate levels of dissolved oxygen for proper development. Changes in these factors can impact the hatching success of brine shrimp.
How does water use affect sustainability?
Water use affects sustainability by impacting ecosystems, water availability, and overall environmental health. Overuse of water resources can lead to depletion of aquifers, reduced water quality, and ecosystem degradation. Implementing efficient water management practices and conservation strategies are crucial to ensure long-term sustainability and protect ecosystems.
How does mining salt affect the Earth's surface?
Mining salt can lead to land degradation and ecosystem disturbance due to the removal of vegetation and soil, as well as potential water pollution from saline runoff. It can also result in land subsidence and structural instability in the surrounding area. Additionally, energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions from mining operations contribute to environmental impacts.
Is industrial development is responsible for environmental degradation?
For a large part, yes, this is true. Also, many other factors affect the condition of the envrioment such as cities expanding, construction of highways, ect.
Micro-environmental factors that affect the development and introduction of a health drink?
what are the micro environmental factors that affect business environment?
How does isthmus affect people?
Isthmuses can affect people by providing strategic locations for trade and transportation routes, which can lead to economic development and cultural exchange. However, isthmuses can also be vulnerable to natural disasters and environmental degradation, impacting the local communities that depend on them for livelihoods.
What are the causes and effects of environmental destruction?
Environmental destruction is caused by climate changes, population expansion, and toxic gases being emitted into the atmosphere. The effects of environmental degradation are that resources such as wildlife, water, and soil can be permanently changed.
How can land tenure affect local and regional countries?
Land tenure can affect local and regional countries by impacting socio-economic development, political stability, and environmental sustainability. Secure land rights can promote investment, reduce conflicts, and encourage sustainable land use practices. Insecure land tenure, on the other hand, can lead to land grabbing, displacement of communities, and environmental degradation.
How does urbanization affect our environment?
Increasing urbanization will affect environmental condition in a country because increasing urbanization will affect the living condition and the development of birthrates and also development and condition are together in this case..loll
What are the three factors affecting human development?
Factors that affect human development are: biological, environmental (socio-economic status), and psychological.
Would Nuclear war help environmental degradation?
I should think nuclear war would cause all sorts of degradation. But one of the results would be contamination of the land with nuclear fall out which would be long lasting and affect generations to come.
How does location affect development?
Location can affect development by influencing access to resources, infrastructure, and opportunities. Proximity to markets, transportation networks, and skilled labor can support economic growth. Additionally, location can impact exposure to natural disasters, climate change, and other environmental factors that can affect social and economic development.
What are Environmental factors that affect a business?
how environmental factors affect in business
What has the author Leslie Paul Thiele written?
Leslie Paul Thiele has written: 'Indra's net and the Midas touch' -- subject(s): Environmental degradation, Globalization, Environmental policy, Sustainable development, Social aspects, Environmental aspects 'Thinking politics' -- subject(s): Philosophy, Political aspects, Political aspects of Postmodernism, Political science, Postmodernism 'The heart of judgment' -- subject(s): Neurosciences, Narration (Rhetoric), Affect (Psychology), Subconsciousness, Judgment, Experience, Wisdom
Why do the natural resources affect Africa?
Natural resources in Africa can either be a blessing or a curse. While they have the potential to drive economic development, they often lead to corruption, conflict, and environmental degradation. Additionally, dependency on a few key resources can make African economies vulnerable to fluctuations in global markets.
