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Generators create electricity, where there is none in the first place. Power is provided to rotate coils inside each other. The more power that is required, needs more force to turn the coils, which become heavy with increased load.

One set of coils is made into a magnet, by passing a controlled amount of electricity through them, to stabilise the amount of voltage and current required.

Ironically, this requires electricity to produce electricity and is known as an 'excitation' current. This is sometimes provided by a separate unit on the generator, which has permanent magnets inside it and can produce a small excitation voltage to get things going. Excitation current is then provided by circuits running off the main output.

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