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Material that melted to form the early continents was what?
The material that melted to form the early continents was primarily basaltic oceanic crust. This crust was melted by the heat generated in the Earth's interior, resulting in the formation of granitic continental crust through processes like partial melting and differentiation.
Can Small amounts of water can lower partial melting temperatures in silicate rocks?
Yes, small amounts of water can lower the partial melting temperatures of silicate rocks by promoting the breakdown of mineral structures, reducing viscosity, and increasing mobility of magma. Water can act as a flux, helping to facilitate melting at lower temperatures.
Are basaltic igneous rocks high in iron and magnesium?
Yes, basaltic igneous rocks are typically high in iron and magnesium. This is because basalt forms from the partial melting of the Earth's mantle, which is rich in these elements. The high iron and magnesium content gives basalt its dark color and dense, fine-grained texture.
Can Small amounts of water lower partial melting temperatures in silicate rocks?
Yes, small amounts of water can lower the partial melting temperatures of silicate rocks by promoting the breaking of chemical bonds and reducing the viscosity of the rock. This can lead to increased melting and magma formation at lower temperatures compared to dry conditions.
Basalt is the most common magma erupted along oceanic rift systems?
Basalt is commonly erupted along oceanic rift systems due to its low viscosity and high fluidity, making it easier for the magma to flow and reach the surface. Its composition is also a result of partial melting of the Earth's mantle at mid-ocean ridges, where new oceanic crust is formed through volcanic activity. The eruption of basaltic magma at oceanic rift systems contributes to the continuous creation of new crust and plays a key role in plate tectonics.
What does granite morph from?
Granite is an igneous rock that forms from the slow crystallization of magma beneath the Earth's surface. It primarily originates from the melting of continental crust or from the partial melting of pre-existing rocks, such as sedimentary or metamorphic rocks, in the Earth's upper mantle. Over time, the molten material cools and solidifies, resulting in the formation of granite.
What creates intermediate magma?
Intermediate magma is formed through a combination of processes, primarily the partial melting of the Earth's crust and the mixing of different magma types. This type of magma typically has a composition between that of basaltic and granitic magmas, often resulting from the melting of sedimentary rocks or the contamination of basaltic magma with crustal materials. Additionally, subduction zone dynamics can contribute to the generation of intermediate magma, where water from subducting plates lowers the melting temperature of the surrounding mantle materials.
What is the parent rock of migmatite?
The parent rock of migmatite is typically a metamorphic rock like gneiss or schist that has undergone partial melting due to high temperatures and pressures. This partial melting results in the formation of a mixed rock composed of both igneous and metamorphic features.
What type of lava forms Mount Cameroon?
Mount Cameroon primarily features basaltic lava, which is characteristic of shield volcanoes. This type of lava is low in viscosity, allowing it to flow easily and create broad, gently sloping landforms. The basaltic composition results from the partial melting of mantle rocks, contributing to the volcano's frequent eruptions and extensive lava flows.
What rocks would exhibit evidence of partial melting?
Rocks such as migmatites, which are a mixture of igneous and metamorphic rock formed through partial melting, would exhibit evidence of this process. Additionally, some granites and gneisses can show signs of partial melting due to the presence of melt pockets or segregated mineral assemblages.
Material that melted to form the early continents was what?
The material that melted to form the early continents was primarily basaltic oceanic crust. This crust was melted by the heat generated in the Earth's interior, resulting in the formation of granitic continental crust through processes like partial melting and differentiation.
What is the Moon's Partial melt made up of?
The Moon's partial melt consists primarily of basaltic material that originates from the partial melting of the Moon's mantle. This melt contains minerals such as pyroxene and olivine, as well as some plagioclase feldspar. The composition reflects a differentiation process where denser materials sink and lighter materials rise, resulting in the formation of volcanic rocks that are commonly found on the lunar surface. Additionally, the partial melt may contain traces of other elements and compounds, influenced by the Moon's unique geologic history.
Can Small amounts of water can lower partial melting temperatures in silicate rocks?
Yes, small amounts of water can lower the partial melting temperatures of silicate rocks by promoting the breakdown of mineral structures, reducing viscosity, and increasing mobility of magma. Water can act as a flux, helping to facilitate melting at lower temperatures.
Would pressure play a role in partial melting?
In so far as pressure affects the melting point of substances, the answer is yes.
What kinds of magmas form at convergent boundaries?
At convergent boundaries, where tectonic plates collide, the primary types of magmas formed are andesitic and basaltic magmas. The subduction of an oceanic plate beneath a continental or another oceanic plate leads to the melting of both the subducted slab and the overlying mantle, resulting in magma that is often rich in silica. This process can create stratovolcanoes, which are characterized by explosive eruptions due to the high viscosity of the andesitic magma. Additionally, some basaltic magma can also form from partial melting of the mantle wedge above the subducting slab.
What type of magma is produced at continental hotspots?
At continental hotspots, the magma produced is typically basaltic, although it can also be andesitic or rhyolitic depending on the composition of the continental crust and the degree of melting. The heat from the mantle plume beneath the continental crust can lead to partial melting of both the mantle and the crust, resulting in a range of magma types. This process often leads to the formation of large volcanic systems and can produce significant volcanic activity, including explosive eruptions. Examples include the Yellowstone hotspot, which has generated both basaltic and more evolved rhyolitic magmas.
What is thought to form by partial melting and in situ crystallization of the melted portion?
migmatite
